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WILSON’S 

Naturalization Laws 

of the 

United States 

SHOWING HOW TO BECOME AN 
AMERICAN CITIZEN 

INCLUDING 

United States Constitution, Declaration of Independence, 
Department Regulations, Forms, Questions 
Asked by Court, etc., etc. 


Compiled by 

CALVERT WILSON 

ATTORNEY AT LAW 
340 Wilcox Building 
Los Angeles, California 


/ 


THIRD EDITION 

1913 


PRICE 25 CENTS 



















r • - 











Wilsons 

Naturalization Laws 

OF THE 

United States 

SHOWING HOW TO BECOME AN 
AMERICAN CITIZEN 

Including U. S. Constitution, Declaration of Independence, 
Department Regulations, Forms, Questions Asked 
by Court, etc., etc. 


COMPILED BY 

CALVERT WILSON 


ATTORNEY AT lXw 


340 Wilcox Building 
Los Angeles, California 


THIRD EDITION 


COPYRIGHTED 1913 
BY CALVERT WILSON 


BAUMGARDT PUBLISHING CO. 
Los Angeles, Cal. 

C.oV^\ S- 






~$\< V'S aq 

VO (is 

A NEW COMPILATION OF v<u-s 


MINING LAWS 


Mining Laws of the United States, Arizona, 
California, Nevada, Oregon and Utah 
—With Forms 

FIFTH EDITION 

Compiled by CALVERT WILSON, Attorney at Law, 
340 Wilcox Building, Los Angeles, Cal. 


This book is designed for general use. It is a compila¬ 
tion of the Statutes of the United States, Arizona, Cali¬ 
fornia, Nevada, Oregon and Utah, with correct forms 
to date. It is annotated, suitable for attorneys for 
ready reference,, and valuable to the mining man as a 
book to put in his pocket to refer to in his office or at 
the mining camp. 


PRICE, PAPER, 50 CENTS 


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©CI.A350778 







TABLE OF CONTENTS. 


GENERAL NATURALIZATION LAWS— Page 

(Act of June 29, 1906, as amended June 25, 1910). 4 

NATURALIZATION FORMS.1. 18 

SPECIAL NATURALIZATION LAWS— 

(U. S. Revised Statutes). 24 

PENAL LAWS . 27 

NATURALIZATION REGULATIONS . 30 

QUESTIONS USUALLY ASKED APPLICANT. 39 

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 45 

CONSTITUTION OF UNITED STATES. 50 

LIST OF PRESIDENTS, ETC. 70 

LISTS OF PORTS OF ENTRY. 71 


STATES COMPRISING THE UNITED STATES 


72 















Naturalization Laws and Regulations 


NATURALIZATION LAWS. 

Act of June 29, 1906, as amended by Act of March 4, 1909, 
as to Sec. 16, 17 and 19 and by Act of June 25, 1910, as to 
Sec. 4 and 13. 

An Act to establish a Bureau of Immigration and Naturaliza¬ 
tion, and to provide for a uniform rule for the naturali¬ 
zation of aliens throughout the United States. 

[Stat. 1905-6, Part I, p. 596.1 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

That the designation of the Bureau of Immigration in the 
Department of Commerce and Labor is hereby changed to 
the “Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization,” which 
said Bureau, under the direction and control of the Secre¬ 
tary of Commerce and Labor, in addition to the duties now 
provided by law, shall have charge of all matters concern¬ 
ing the naturalization of aliens. That it shall be the duty 
of the said Bureau to provide, for use at the various immi¬ 
gration stations throughout the United States, books of 
record, wherein the commissioners of immigration shall 
cause a registry to be made in the case of each alien arriv¬ 
ing in the United States from and after the passage of this 
Act of the name, age, occupation, personal description 
(including height, complexion, color of hair and eyes), the 
place of birth, the last residence, the intended place of 
residence in the United States, and the date of arrival of 
said alien, and, if entered through a port, the name of the 
vessel in which he comes. And it shall be the duty of said 
commissioners of immigration to cause to be granted to such 
alien a certificate of such registry, with the particulars 
thereof. 

Sec. 2. That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor shall 
provide the said Bureau with such additional furnished 
offices within the city of Washington, such books of record 



WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


5 


and facilities, and such additional assistants, clerks, ste¬ 
nographers, typewriters, and other employees as may be 
necessary for the proper discharge of the duties imposed 
by this Act upon such Bureau, fixing the compensation of 
such additional employees until July first, nineteen hundred 
and seven, within the appropriations made for that purpose. 

Sec. 3. That exclusive jurisdiction to naturalize aliens 
as citizens of the United States is hereby conferred upon 
the following specified courts: 

United States circuit and district courts now existing, or 
which may hereafter be established by Congress in any 
State, United States district courts for the Territories of 
Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Hawaii, and Alaska, the 
supreme court of the District of Columbia, and the United 
States courts for the Indian Territory; also all courts of 
record in any State or Territory now existing, or which 
may hereafter be created, having a seal, a clerk, and juris¬ 
diction in actions at law or equity, or law and equity, in 
which the amount in controversy is unlimited. 

That the naturalization jurisdiction of all courts herein 
specified, State, Territorial, and Federal, shall extend only 
to aliens resident within the respective judicial districts of 
such courts. 

The courts herein specified shall, upon the requisition of 
the clerks of such courts, be furnished from time to time 
by the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization with such 
blank forms as may be required in the naturalization of 
aliens, and all certificates of naturalization shall be con¬ 
secutively numbered and printed on safety paper furnished 
by said Bureau. 

Sec. 4. That an alien may be admitted to become a citizen 
of the United States in the following manner and not 
otherwise: 

First. He shall declare on oath before the clerk of any 
court authorized by this Act to naturalize aliens, or his 
authorized deputy, in the district in which such alien resides, 
two years at least prior to his admission, and after he has 
reached the age of eighteen years, that it is bona fide his 
intention to become a citizen of the United States, and 
to renounce forever all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign 
prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, and particularly, 


6 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


by name, to the prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty of 
which the alien may be at the time a citizen or subject. 
And such declaration shall set forth the name, age, occupa¬ 
tion, personal description, place of birth, last foreign resi¬ 
dence and allegiance, the date of arrival, the name of the 
vessel, if any, in which he came to the United States, and 
the present place of residence in the United States of said 
alien: Provided, however, That no alien who, in conformity 
with the law in force at the date of his declaration, has 
declared his intention to become a citizen of the United 
States shall be required to renew such declaration. Provided 
further, That any person belonging to the class of persons 
authorized and qualified under existing law to become a 
citizen of the United States, who has resided constantly in 
the United States during a prior of five years next preced¬ 
ing May first, nineteen hundred and ten, who, because of 
misinformation in regard to his citizenship or the require¬ 
ments of the law governing the naturalization of citizens 
has labored and acted under the impression that he was, or 
could become a citizen of the United States, and has in good 
faith exercised the rights or duties of a citizen or intended 
citizen of the United States because of such wrongful infor¬ 
mation and belief may, upon making a showing of such facts 
satisfactory to a court having jurisdiction to issue papers 
of naturalization to an alien, and the court in its judgment 
believes that such person has been for a period of more 
than five years entitled upon proper proceedings to be 
naturalized as a citizen of the United States, receive from 
the said court a final certificate of naturalization, and the 
said court may issue such certificate without requiring proof 
of former declaration by, or on the part of such person of 
their intention to become a citizen of the United States, but 
such applicant for naturalization shall comply in all other 
respects with the law relative to the issuance of final papers 
of naturalization to aliens. 

Second. Not less than two years nor more than seven 
years after he has made such declaration of intention he 
shall make and file, in duplicate, a petition in writing, 
signed by the applicant in his own handwriting and duly 
verified, in which petition such applicant shall state his full 
name, his place of residence (by street and number, if possi- 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


7 


bie), his occupation, and, if possible, the date and place of 
his birth; the place from which he emigrated, and the date 
and place of his arrival in the United States, and, if he 
entered through a port, the name of the vessel on which he 
arrived; the time when and the place and name of the 
court where he declared his intention to become a citizen 
of the United States; if he is married he shall state the name 
of his wife and, if possible, the country of her nativity and 
her place of residence at the time of filing his petition; 
and if he has children, the name, date, and place of birth 
and place of residence of each child living at the time of 
the filing of his petition: Provided, That if he has filed 
his declaration before the passage of this Act he shall not 
be required to sign the petition in his own handwriting. 

The petition shall set forth that he is not a disbeliever in 
or opposed to organized government, or a member of or 
affiliated with any organization or body of persons teaching 
disbelief in or opposed to organized government, a polyga¬ 
mist or believer in the practice of polygamy, and that it 
is his intention to become a citizen of the United States and 
to renounce absolutely and forever all allegiance and fidelity 
to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, and 
particularly by name to the prince, potentate, state, or 
sovereignty of which he at the time of filing of his’ petition 
may be a citizen or subject, and that it is his intention to 
reside permanently within the United States, and whether 
or not he has been denied admission as a citizen of the 
United States, and, if denied, the ground or grounds of 
such denial, the court or courts in which such decision was 
rendered, and that the cause for such denial has since been 
cured or removed, and every fact material to his naturaliza¬ 
tion and required to be proved upon the final hearing of 
his application. 

The petition shall also be verified by the affidavits of at 
least two credible witnesses, who are citizens of the United 
States, and who shall state in their affidavits that they have 
personally known the applicant to be a resident of the 
United States for a period of at least five years continuously, 
and of the State, Territory, or district in which the applica¬ 
tion is made for a period of at least one year immediately 
preceding the date of the filing of his petition, and that 


8 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


they each have personal knowledge that the petitioner is 
a person of good moral character, and that he is in every 
way qualified, in their opinion, to be admitted as a citizen 
of the United States. 

At the time of filing his petition there shall be filed with 
the clerk of the court a certificate from the Department of 
Commerce and Labor, if the petitioner arrives in the United 
States after the passage of this Act, stating the date, place, 
and manner of his arrival in the United States, and the 
declaration of intention of such petitioner, which certificate 
and declaration shall be attached to and made a part of 
said petition. 

Third. He shall, before he is admitted to citizenship, 
declare on oath in open court that he will support the Con¬ 
stitution of the United States, and that he absolutely and 
entirely renounces and abjures all allegiance and fidelity 
to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, and 
particularly by name to the prince, potentate, state, or 
sovereignty of which he was before a citizen or subject; 
that he will support and defend the Constitution and laws 
of the United States against all enemies, foreign and 
domestic, and bear true faith and allegiance to the same. 

Fourth. It shall be made to appear to the satisfaction 
of the court admitting any alien to citizenship that im¬ 
mediately preceding the date of his application he has 
resided continuously w T ithin the United States five years at 
least, and within the State or Territory where such court 
is at the time held one year at least, and that during that 
time he has behaved as a man of good moral character, 
attached to the principles of the Constitution of the United 
States, and well disposed to the good order and happiness 
of the same. In addition to the oath of the applicant, the 
testimony of at least two witnesses, citizens of the United 
States, as to the facts of residence, moral character, and 
attachment to the principles of the Constitution shall be 
required, and the name, place of residence, and occupation 
of each witness shall be set forth in the record. 

Fifth. In case the alien applying to be admitted to citi¬ 
zenship has borne any hereditary title, or has been of any 
of the orders of nobility in the kingdom or state from 
which he came, he shall, in addition to the above requisites, 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


9 


make an express renunciation of his title or order of nobility 
in the court to which his application is made, and his re¬ 
nunciation shall be recorded in the court. 

Sixth. When any alien who has declared his intention 
to become a citizen of the United States dies before he is 
actually naturalized the widow and minor children of such 
alien may, by complying with the other provisions of this 
Act, be naturalized without making any declaration of 
intention. 

Sec. 5. That the clerk of the court shall, immediately 
after filing the petition, give notice thereof by posting in 
a public and conspicuous place in his office, or in the build¬ 
ing in which his office is situated, under an appropriate 
heading, the name, nativity, and residence of the alien, the 
date and place of his arrival in the United States, and 
the date, as nearly as may be, for the final hearing of his 
petition, and the names of the witnesses whom the appli¬ 
cant expects to summon in his behalf; and the clerk shall, 
if the applicant requests it, issue a subpoena for the wit¬ 
nesses so named by the said applicant to appear upon the 
day set for the final hearing, but in case such witnesses can 
not be produced upon the final hearing other witnesses may 
be summoned. 

Sec. 6. That petitions for naturalization may be made 
and filed during term time or vacation of the court and 
shall be docketed the same day as filed, but final action 
thereon shall be had only on stated days, to be fixed by 
rule of the court, and in no case shall final action be had 
upon a petition until at least ninety days have elapsed after 
filing and posting the notice of such petition: Provided, 
That no person shall be naturalized nor shall any certifi¬ 
cate of naturalization be issued by any court within thirty 
days preceding the holding of any general election within 
its territorial jurisdiction. It shall be lawful, at the time 
and as a part of the naturalization of any alien, for the 
court, in its discretion, upon the petition of such alien, to 
make a decree changing the name of said alien, and his 
certificate of naturalization shall be issued to him in ac¬ 
cordance therewith. 

Sec. 7. That no person who disbelieves in or who is 
opposed to organized government, or who is a member of 


10 


WILSON'S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


or affiliated with any organization entertaining and teach¬ 
ing such disbelief in or opposition to organized government, 
or who advocates or teaches the duty, necessity, or propriety 
of the unlawful assaulting or killing of any officer or offi¬ 
cers, either of specific individuals or of officers generally, 
of the Government of the United States, or of any other 
organized government, because of his or their official charac¬ 
ter, or who is a polygamist, shall be naturalized or be made 
a citizen of the United States. 

Sec. 8. That no alien shall hereafter be naturalized or 
admitted as a citizen of the United States who can not 
speak the English language: Provided, That this require¬ 
ment shall not apply to aliens who are physically unable 
to comply therewith, if they are otherwise qualified to 
become citizens of the United States: And provided further, 
That the requirements of this section shall not apply to 
any alien who has prior to the passage of this Act declared 
his intention to become a citizen of the United States in 
conformity with the law in force at the date of making 
such declaration: Provided further, That the requirements 
of section eight shall not apply to aliens who shall here¬ 
after declare their intention to become citizens and who 
shall make homestead entries upon the public lands of the 
United States and comply in all respects with the laws pro¬ 
viding for homestead entries on such lands. 

Sec. 9. That every final hearing upon such petition shall 
be had in open court before a judge or judges thereof, and 
every final order which may be made upon such petition 
shall be under the hand of the court and entered in full 
upon a record kept for that purpose, and upon such final 
hearing of such petition the applicant and witnesses shall 
be examined under oath before the court and in the 
presence of the court. 

Sec. 10. That in case the petitioner has not resided in 
the State, Territory, or district for a period of five years 
continuously and immediately preceding the filing of his 
petition he may establish by two witnesses, both in his 
petition and at the hearing, the time of his residence within 
the State, provided that it has been for more than one 
year, and the remaining portion of his five years’ residence 
within the United States required by law to be established 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


11 


may be proved by the depositions of two or more witnesses 
who are citizens of the United States, upon notice to the 
Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization and the United 
States attorney for the district in which said witnesses may 
reside. 

Sec. 11. That the United States shall have the right to 
appear before any court or courts exercising jurisdiction 
in naturalization proceedings for the purpose of cross- 
examining the petitioner and the witnesses produced in 
support of his petition concerning any matter touching or 
in any way affecting his right to admission to citizenship, 
and shall have the right to call witnesses, produce evidence, 
and be heard in opposition to the granting of any petition 
in naturalization proceedings. 

Sec. 12. That it is hereby made the duty of the clerk of 
each and every court exercising jurisdiction in naturaliza¬ 
tion matters under the provisions of this Act to keep and 
file a duplicate of each declaration of intention made before 
him and to send to the Bureau of Immigration and Naturali¬ 
zation at Washington, within thirty days after the issuance 
of a certificate of citizenship, a duplicate of such certificate, 
and to make and keep on file in his office a stub for each 
certificate so issued by him, whereon shall be entered a 
memorandum of all the essential facts set forth in such 
certificate. It shall also be the duty of the clerk of each 
of said courts to report to the said Bureau, within thirty 
days after the final hearing and decision of the court, the 
name of each and every alien who shall be denied naturali¬ 
zation, and to furnish to said Bureau duplicates of all peti¬ 
tions within thirty days after the filing of the same, and 
certified copies of such other proceedings and orders insti¬ 
tuted in or issued out of said court affecting or relating 
to the naturalization of aliens as may be required from 
time to time by the said Bureau. 

In case any such clerk or officer acting under his direc¬ 
tion shall refuse or neglect to comply with any of the fore¬ 
going provisions he shall forfeit and pay to the United 
States the sum of twenty-five dollars in each and every 
case in which such violation or omission occurs, and the 
amount of such forfeiture may be recovered by the United 
States in an action of debt against such clerk. 


12 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


Clerks of courts having and exercising jurisdiction in 
naturalization matters shall be responsible for all blank 
certificates of citizenship received by them from time to 
time from the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization, 
and shall account for the same to the said Bureau when¬ 
ever required so to do by such Bureau. No certificate 
of citizenship received by any such clerk which may be 
defaced or injured in such manner as to prevent its use 
as herein provided shall in any case be destroyed, but such 
certificate shall be returned to the said Bureau; and in 
case any such clerk shall fail to return or properly account 
for any certificate furnished by the said Bureau, as herein 
provided, he shall be liable to the United States in the sum 
of fifty dollars, to be recovered in an action of debt, for 
each and every certificate not properly accounted for or 
returned. 

Sec. 13. That the clerk of each and every court exer¬ 
cising jurisdiction in naturalization cases shall charge, col¬ 
lect, and account for the following fees in each proceeding: 

For receiving and filing a declaration of intention and 
issuing a duplicate thereof, one dollar. 

For making, filing, and docketing the petition of an alien 
for admission as a citizen of the United States and for the 
final hearing thereon, two dollars; and for entering the final 
order and the issuance of the certificate of citizenship there¬ 
under, if granted, two dollars. 

The clerk of any court collecting such fees is hereby 
authorized to retain one-half of the fees collected by him 
in such naturalization proceeding; the remaining one-half 
of the naturalization fees in each case collected by such 
clerks, respectively, shall be accounted for in their quarter¬ 
ly accounts, which they are hereby required to render the 
Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization, and paid over 
to such Bureau within thirty days from the close of each 
quarter in each and every fiscal year, and the moneys so 
received shall be paid over to the disbursing clerk of the 
Department of Commerce and Labor, who shall thereupon 
deposit them in the Treasury of the United States, ren¬ 
dering an account therefor quarterly to the Auditor for 
the State and other Departments, and the said disbursing 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


13 


clerk shall be held responsible under his bond for said fees 
so received. 

In addition to the fees herein required, the petitioner 
shall, upon the filing of his petition to become a citizen of 
the United States, deposit with and pay to the clerk of the 
court a sum of money sufficient to cover the expenses of 
subpoenaing and paying the legal fees of any witnesses for 
whom he may request a subpoena, and upon the final dis¬ 
charge of such witnesses they shall receive, if they demand 
the same from the clerk, the customary and usual witness 
fees from the moneys which the petitioner shall have paid 
to such clerk for such purpose, and the residue, if any, 
shall be returned by the clerk to the petitioner: Provided, 
That the clerks of courts exercising jurisdiction in naturali¬ 
zation proceedings, shall be permitted to retain one-half of 
the fees in any fiscal year up to the sum of three thousand 
dollars, and that all fees received by such clerks in naturali¬ 
zation proceedings in excess of such amount shall be ac¬ 
counted for and paid over to said Bureau as in case of 
other fees to which the United States may be entitled under 
the provisions of this Act. The clerks of the various courts 
exercising jurisdiction in naturalization proceedings shall 
pay all additional clerical force that may be required in 
performing the duties imposed by this Act upon the clerks 
of courts from fees received by such clerks in naturaliza¬ 
tion proceedings. And in case the clerk of any court exer¬ 
cising naturalization jurisdiction collects fees in excess of the 
sum of six thousand dollars in any fiscal year, the Secre¬ 
tary of Commerce and Labor may allow salaries, for 
naturalization purposes only, to pay for clerical assistance, 
to be selected and employed by that clerk, additional to 
the clerical force, for which clerks of courts are required 
by this section to pay from fees received by such clerks in 
naturalization proceedings, if in the opinion of said Secre¬ 
tary, the naturalization business of such clerk warrants 
further additional assistance; Provided, That in no event 
shall the whole amount allowed the clerk of a court and 
his assistants exceed the one-half of the gross receipts of 
the office of said clerk from naturalization fees during such 
fiscal year; Provided further, That when, at the close of 
any fiscal year, the business of such clerk of court indicates 


14 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


in the opinion of the Secretary of Commerce and Labor that 
the naturalization fees for the succeeding fiscal year will 
exceed six thousand dollars, the Secretary of Commerce 
and Labor may authorize the continuance of the allowance 
of salaries for the additional clerical assistance herein pro¬ 
vided for, and employed on the last day of the fiscal year 
until such time as the remittances indicate, in the opinion 
of such Secretary, that the fees for the then current fiscal 
year will not be sufficient to allow the additional clerical 
assistance authorized by this Act. 

That payment for the additional clerical assistance herein 
authorized shall be in the manner and under such regula¬ 
tions as the Secretary of Commerce and Labor may pre¬ 
scribe. 

Sec. 14. That the declarations of intention and the peti¬ 
tions for naturalization shall be bound in chronological 
order in separate volumes, indexed, consecutively num¬ 
bered, and made part of the records of the court. Each 
certificate of naturalization issued shall bear upon its face, 
in a place prepared therefor, the volume number and page 
number of the petition whereon such certificate was issued, 
and the volume number and page number of the stub of 
such certificate. 

Sec. 15. That it shall be the duty of the United States 
district attorneys for the respective districts, upon affidavit 
showing good cause therefor, to institute proceedings in 
any court having jurisdiction to naturalize aliens in the 
judicial district in which the naturalized citizen may reside 
at the time of bringing the suit, for the purpose of setting 
aside and canceling the certificate of citizenship on the 
ground of fraud or on the ground that such certificate of 
citizenship was illegally procured. In any such proceed¬ 
ings the party holding the certificate of citizenship alleged 
to have been fraudulently or illegally procured shall have 
sixty days personal notice in which to make answer to the 
petition of the United States; and if the holder of such 
certificate be absent from the United States or from the 
district in which he last had his residence, such notice shall 
be given by publication in the manner provided for the 
service of summons by publication or upon absentees by 
the laws of the State or the place where such suit is brought. 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


15 


If any alien who shall have secured a certificate of citi¬ 
zenship under the provisions of this Act shall, within five 
years after the issuance of such certificate, return to the 
country of his nativity, or go to any other foreign country, 
and take permanent residence therein, it shall be considered 
prima facie evidence of a lack of intention on the part of 
such alien to become a permanent citizen of the United 
States at the time of filing his application for citizenship, 
and, in the absence of countervailing evidence, it shall be 
sufficient in the proper proceeding to authorize the cancella¬ 
tion of his certificate of citizenship as fraudulent, and the 
diplomatic and consular officers of the United States in 
foreign countries shall from time to time, through the 
Department of State, furnish the Department of Justice 
with the names of those within their respective jurisdictions 
who have such certificates of citizenship and who have 
taken permanent residence in the country of their nativity, 
or in any other foreign country, and such statments, duly 
certified, shall be admissable in evidence in all courts in 
proceedings to cancel certificates of citizenship. 

Whenever any certificate of citizenship shall be set aside 
or canceled, as herein provided, the court in which such 
judgment or decree is rendered shall make an order can¬ 
celing such certificate of citizenship and shall send a certh 
fied copy of such order to the Bureau of Immigration and 
Naturalization; and in case such certificate was not origh 
nally issued by the court making such order it shall direct 
the clerk of the court to transmit a copy of such order and 
judgment to the court out of which such certificate of 
citizenship shall have been originally issued. And it shall 
thereupon be the duty of the clerk of the court receiving 
such certified copy of the order and judgment of the court 
to enter the same of record and to cancel such original cer¬ 
tificate of citizenship upon the records and to notify the 
Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization of such cancel¬ 
lation. 

The provisions of this section shall apply not only to cer¬ 
tificates of citizenship issued under the provisions of this 
Act, but to all certificates of citizenship which may have 
been issued heretofore by any court exercising jurisdic¬ 
tion in naturalization proceedings under prior laws. 


16 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


Sec. 16. Repealed by Sec. 341, Penal Laws. 

Sec. 17. Repealed by Sec. 341, Penal Laws. 

Sec. 18. That it is hereby made a felony for any clerk 
or other person to issue or be a party to the issuance of a 
certificate of citizenship contrary to the provisions of this 
Act, except upon a final order under the hand of a court 
having jurisdiction to make such order, and upon conviction 
thereof such clerk or other person shall be punished by im¬ 
prisonment for not more than five years and by a fine of not 
more than five thousand dollars, in the discretion of the 
court. 

Sec. 19. Repealed by Sec. 341, Penal Laws. 

Sec. 20. That any clerk or other officer of a court having 
power under this Act to naturalize aliens, who willfully neg¬ 
lects to render true accounts of moneys received by him for 
naturalization proceedings or who willfully neglects to pay 
over any balance of such moneys due to the United States 
within thirty days after said payment shall become due and 
demand therefor has been made and refused, shall be deemed 
guilty of embezzlement of the public moneys, and shall be 
punishable by imprisonment for not more than five years, 
or by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars, or both. 

Sec. 21. That it shall be unlawful for any clerk of any 
court or his authorized deputy or assistant exercising juris¬ 
diction in naturalization proceedings to demand, charge, col¬ 
lect, or receive any other or additional fees or moneys in 
naturalization proceedings save the fees and moneys herein 
specified; and a violation of any of the provisions of this 
section or any part thereof is hereby declared to be a misde¬ 
meanor and shall be punished by imprisonment for not more 
than two years, or by a fine of not more than one thousand 
dollars, or by both such fine and imprisonment. 

Sec. 22. That the clerk of any court exercising jurisdic¬ 
tion in naturalization proceedings, or any person acting 
under authority of this Act, who shall knowingly certify 
that a petitioner, affiant, or witness named in an affidavit, 
petition, or certificate of citizenship, or other paper or writ¬ 
ing required to be executed under the provisions of this Act, 
personally appeared before him and was sworn thereto, or 
acknowledged the execution thereof or signed the same, 
when in fact such petitioner, affiant, or witness did not per- 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


17 


sonally appear before him, or was not sworn thereto, or did 
not execute the same, or did not acknowledge the execution 
thereof, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding five thous¬ 
and dollars, or by imprisonment not to exceed five years. 

Sec. 23. That any person who knowingly procures natu¬ 
ralization in violation of the provisions of this Act shall be 
fined not more than five thousand dollars, or shall be im¬ 
prisoned not more than five years, or both, and upon con¬ 
viction the court in which such conviction is had shall there¬ 
upon adjudge and declare the final order admitting such 
person to citizenship void. Jurisdiction is hereby conferred 
on the courts having jurisdiction of the trial of such offense 
to make such adjudication. Any person who knowingly aids, 
advises, or encourages any person not entitled thereto to 
apply for or to secure naturalization, or to file the prelimi¬ 
nary papers declaring an intent to become a citizen of the 
United States, or who in any naturalization proceeding 
knowingly procures or gives false testimony as to any ma¬ 
terial fact, or who knowingly makes an affidavit false as to 
any material fact required to be proved in such proceeding, 
shall be fined not more than five thousand dollars, or im¬ 
prisoned not more than five years, or both. 

Sec. 24. That no person shall be prosecuted, tried, or 
punished for any crime arising under the provisions of this 
Act unless the indictment is found or the information is filed 
within five years next after the commission of such crime. 

Sec. 25. That for the purpose of the prosecution of all 
crimes and offenses against the naturalization laws of the 
United States which may have been committed prior to the 
date when this Act shall go into effect, the existing naturali¬ 
zation laws shall remain in full force and effect. 

Sec. 26. That sections twenty-one hundred and sixty-five, 
twenty-one hundred and sixty-seven, twenty-one hundred 
and sixty-eight, twenty-one hundred and seventy-three of the 
Revised Statutes of the United States of America, and sec¬ 
tion thirty-nine of chapter one thousand and twelve of the 
Statutes at Large of the United States of America for the 
year nineteen hundred and three, and all Acts or parts of 
Acts inconsistent with or repugnant to the provisions of 
this Act are hereby repealed. 


18 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


Sec. 27. That substantially the following forms shall be 
used in the proceedings to which they relate: 

Declaration of Intention. 

(Invalid for all purposes seven years after the date hereof.) 

., SS: 

I,., aged.years, occupation., do 

declare on oath (affirm) that my personal description is: 

Color ., complexion ., height ., weight 

., color of hair., color of eyes., other visi¬ 
ble distinctive marks.; I was born in . on the 

. day of ., anno Domini .; I now reside at 

.; I emigrated to the United States of America from 

. on the vessel.; my last foreign residence was 

. It is my bona fide intention to renounce forever 

all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, 

state, or sovereignty, and particularly to., of which 

I am now a citizen (subject); I arrived at the (port) of 

., in the State (Territory or District) of . on or 

about the .day of . anno Domini.; I am 

not an anarchist; I am not a polygamist nor a believer in 
the practice of polygamy; and it is my intention in good 
faith to become a citizen of the United States of America 
and to permanently reside therein. So help me God. 

(Original signature of declarant) . 

Subscribed and sworn to (affirmed) before me this. 

. day of.., anno Domini. ; 

[L. S.] 


(Official character of attestor.) 

































OF THE UNITED STATES x9 

PETITION FOR NATURALIZATION. 

.Court of. 

In the matter of the petition of.to be 

admitted as a citizen of the United States of America. 


To the.Court: 

The Petition of.respectfully shows: 


First. My full name is. 

Second. My place of residence is number., 

.street, city of., State (Ter¬ 
ritory or District) of. 

Third. My occupation is . 

Fourth. I was born on the.day of., 18...., at. 

Fifth. I emigrated to the United States from., on 

or about the . day of ., 1., and arrived at 

the port of., in the United States, on the vessel. 

Sixth. I declared my intention to become a citizen of 

the United States on the . day of ., 1. at 

., in the . court . 

Seventh. I am . married. My wife’s name is. 

. She was born in. and now resides at. 

I have.child., and the name, date, and place of 

birth and place of residence of each of said children is as 

follows: .; .; . 

Eighth. I am not a disbeliever in or opposed to organ¬ 
ized government or a member of or affiliated with any 
organization or body of persons teaching disbelief in organ¬ 
ized government. I am not a polygamist nor a believer in 
the practice of polygamy. I am attached to the principles 
of the Constitution of the United States, and it is my inten¬ 
tion to become a citizen of the United States and to re¬ 
nounce absolutely and forever all allegiance and fidelity to 


any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, and 

particularly to ., of which at this time I am a citizen 

(or subject), and it is my intention to reside permanently 
in the United States. 

Ninth. I am . able to speak the English language. 


Tenth. I have resided continuously in the United States 
of America for a term of five years at least immediately pre- 








































20 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


ceding the date of this petition, to wit, since., 

anno Domini., and in the State (Territory or District) 

of ...for one year at least next preceding the date 

of this petition, to wit, since.day of....., anno 

Domini .. 

Eleventh. I have not heretofore made petition for citi¬ 
zenship to any court. (I made petition for citizenship to the 

.court of . at ., and the said petition 

was denied by the said court for the following reasons and 

causes, to-wit, ., and the cause of such denial has 

since been cured or removed.) 

Attached hereto and made a part of this petition are my 
declaration of intention to become a citizen of the United 
States and the certificate from the Department of Commerce 
and Labor required by law. AVherefore your petitioner 
prays that he may be admitted a citizen of the United States 
of America. 

Dated. 

(Signature of petitioner). 

. ., ss. 

-., being duly sworn, deposes and says that he is 

the petitioner in the above entitled proceeding; that he has 
read the foregoing petition and knows the contents thereof; 
that the same is true of his own knowledge, except as to 
matters therein stated to be alleged upon information and 
belief, and that as to those matters he believes it to be true. 

Subscribed and sworn to before me this...day of 

., anno Domini. 

(L. S.) . 

Clerk of the.....Court 

Affidavit of Witnesses. 

. Court of . 

In the matter of the petition of . to be ad¬ 

mitted a citizen of the United States of America. 
., ss: 

., occupation ., residing at . and 

..., occupation ., residing at ., each 

being severally, duly, and respectively sworn, deposes and 
says that he is a citizen of the United States of America; 
that he has personally known ., the petitioner 
































OF THE UNITED STATES 


21 


above mentioned, to be a resident of the United States for 
a period of at least five years continuously immediately pre¬ 
ceding the date of filing his petition, and of the State 
(Territory or District) in which the above-entitled applica¬ 
tion is made for a period of . years immediately pre¬ 

ceding the date of filing his petition; and that he has per¬ 
sonal knowledge that the said petitioner is a person of good 
moral character, attached to the principles of the Constitu¬ 
tion of the United States, and that he is in every way quali¬ 
fied, in his opinion, to be admitted as a citizen of the United 
States. 


Subscribed and sworn to before me this . day of 

., nineteen hundred and . 

[L. S.] . ., 

(Official character of attestor.) 

Certificate of Naturalization. 

Number . 

Petition, volume ., page . 

Stub, volume ., page . 

(Signature of holder) . 

Description of holder: Age, .; height, .; 

color, .; complexion, .; color of eyes, .; 

color of hair, .; visible distinguishing marks, . 

Name, age, and place of residence of wife, ., ., 

. Name, ages, and places of residence of minor chil- 

. t . i .!.>. > .I..) 

. y . y . 

., SS: 

Be it remembered, that at a . term of the . 

court of., held at. on the .day of., 

in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and.,., 

who previous to his (her) naturalization was a citizen or 

subject of ., at present residing at number . 

. street, . city (town), . State (Territory 

or District), having applied to be admitted a citizen of the 
United States of America pursuant to law, and the court 
having found that the petitioner had resided continuously 
within the United States for at least five years and in this 
State for one year immediately preceding the date of the 










































22 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


hearing of his (her) petition, and that said petitioner in¬ 
tends to reside permanently in the United States, had in all 
respects complied with the law in relation thereto, and 
that ....he was entitled to be so admitted, it was thereupon 
ordered by the said court that ....he be admitted as a citi¬ 
zen of the United States of America. 

In testimony whereof the seal of said court is hereunto 

affixed on the.day of., in the year of our Lord 

nineteen hundred and . and of our independence the 

.[l7s.] ., ' 

(Official character of attestor.) 

Stub of Certificate of Naturalization. 

No. of certificate, . 

Name..; age, . 

Declaration of intention, volume ., page . 

Petition, volume ., page . 

Name, age and place of residence of wife. 

. Names, ages, and places of residence of minor chil¬ 
dren, .,.,.>.,. t . ) . y 


Date of order, volume ., page . 

(Signature of holder) . .. 

Sec. 28. That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor shall 
have power to make such rules and regulations as may be 
necessary for properly carrying into execution the various 
provisions of this Act. Certified copies of all papers, docu¬ 
ments, certificates, and records required to be used, filed, 
recorded, or kept under any and all of the provisions of 
this Act shall be admitted in evidence equally with the origi¬ 
nals in any and all proceedings under this Act and in all 
cases in which the originals thereof might be admissible as 
evidence. 

Sec. 29. That for the purpose of carrying into effect the 
provisions of this Act there is hereby appropriated the sum 
of one hundred thousand dollars, out of any moneys in the 
Treasury of the United States not otherwise appropriated, 
which appropriation shall be in full for the objects hereby 























OF THE UNITED STATES 


23 


expressed until June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and seven; 
and the provisions of section thirty-six hundred and seventy- 
nine of the Revised Statutes of the United States shall not 
be applicable in any way to this appropriation. 

Sec. 30. That all the applicable provisions of the naturali¬ 
zation laws of the United States shall apply to and be held 
to authorize the admission to citizenship of all persons not 
citizens who owe permanent allegiance to the United States, 
and who may become residents of any State or organized 
Territory of the United States, with the following modifica¬ 
tions : The applicant shall not be required to renounce 
allegiance to any foreign sovereignty; he shall make his 
declaration of intention to become a citizen of the United 
States at least two years prior to his admission; and resi¬ 
dence within the jurisdiction of the United States, owing 
such permanent allegiance, shall be regarded as residence 
within the United States within the meaning of the five 
years’ residence clause of the existing law. 

Sec. 31. That this Act shall take effect and be in force 
from and after ninety days from the date of its passage: 
Provided, That sections one, two, twenty-eight, and twenty- 
nine shall go into effect from and after the passage of this 
Act. 

Approved, June 29, 1906. 

ACT OF FEBRUARY 24, 1911. 

An Act providing for the naturalization of the wife and 
minor children of insane aliens making homestead entries 
under the land laws of the United States. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That 
when any alien, who has declared his intention to become 
a citizen of the United States, becomes insane before he is 
actually naturalized, and his wife shall thereafter make a 
homestead entry under the land laws of the United States, 
she and their minor children may, by complying with the 
other provisions of the naturalization laws, be naturalized 
without making any declaration of intention. 

Approved, February 24, 1911. 

[In regard to the acquisition of citizenship by other means 
than naturalization, see sections 1992 to 1995 inclusive, 
of the United States Revised Statutes.] 


24 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


UNITED STATES REVISED STATUTES. 

CITIZENSHIP, TITLE XXV. 

Citizenship of women by marriage. 

Sec. 1994. Any woman who is now or may hereafter be 
married to a citizen of the United States, and who might 
herself be lawfully naturalized, shall be deemed a citizen. 

NATURALIZATION, TITLE XXX. 

Honorably discharged soldiers exempt from certain for¬ 
malities. 

Sec. 2166. Any alien, of the age of twenty-one years and 
upward, who has enlisted, or may enlist, in the armies of 
the United States, either the regular or the volunteer for.ces, 
and has been, or may be hereafter, honorably discharged, 
shall be admitted to become a citizen of the United States, 
upon his petition, without any previous declaration of his 
intention to become «imh ; and ho shall not be required to 
prove more than one year’s residence within the United 
States previous to his application to become such citizen; 
and the court admitting such alien shall, in addition to such 
proof of residence and good moral character, as now pro¬ 
vided by law, be satisfied by competent proof of such per¬ 
son’s having been honorably discharged from the service 
of the United States. 

Aliens of African nativity and descent. 

Sec. 2169. (As amended, 1875). —The provisions of this 
title shall apply to aliens being free white persons, and 
to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African 
descent. 

Naturalization to alien enemies prohibited. 

Sec. 2171. No alien who is a native citizen or subject, or 
a denizen of any country, state, or sovereignty with which 
the United States are at war, at the time of his application, 
shall be then admitted to become a citizen of the United 
States; but persons resident within the United States, or 
the Territories thereof, on the eighteenth day of June, in 
the year one thousand eight hundred and twelve, who had 
before that day made a declaration, according to law, of 
their intention to become citizens of the United States, or 
who were on that day entitled to become citizens without 
making such declaration, may be admitted to become citi- 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


25 


zens thereof, notwithstanding they were alien enemies at 
the time and in the manner prescribed by the laws hereto¬ 
fore passed on that subject; nor shall anything herein con¬ 
tained be taken or construed to interfere with or prevent 
the apprehension and removal, agreeably to law, of any 
alien enemy at any time previous to the actual naturaliza¬ 
tion of such alien. 

Children of persons naturalized under certain laws to be 
citizens. 

Sec. 2172. The children of persons who have been duly 
naturalized under any law of the United States, or who, 
previous to the passing of any law on that subject, by the 
Government of the United States, may have become citi¬ 
zens of any one of the States, under the laws thereof, being 
under the age of twenty-one years at the time of the naturali¬ 
zation of their parents shall, if dwelling in the United 
States, be considered as citizens thereof; and the children 
of persons who now are, or have been, citizens of the United 
States, shall, though born out of the limits and jurisdiction 
of the United States, be considered as citizens thereof; but 
no person hertofore proscribed by any State, or who has 
been legally convicted of having joined the army of Great 
Britain during the Revolutionary War, shall be admitted 
to become a citizen without the consent of the Legislature 
of the State in which such person was proscribed. 

Alien seamen of merchant vessels. 

Sec. 2174. Every seaman, being a foreigner, who declares 
his intention of becoming a citizen of the United States in 
any competent court, and shall have served three years on 
board of a merchant-vessel of the United States subsequent 
to the date of such declaration, may, on his application to 
any competent court, and the production of his certificate 
of discharge and good conduct during that time, together 
with the certificate of his declaration of intention to become 
a citizen, be admitted a citizen of the United States; and 
every seaman; being a foreigner, shall, after his declaration 
of intention to become a citizen of the United States, and 
after he shall have served such three years, be deemed a 
citizen of the United States for the purpose of manning 
and serving on board any merchant-vessel of the United 
States, anything to the contrary in any act of Congress not- 


26 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


withstanding; but such seaman shall, for all purposes of 
protection as an American citizen, be deemed such, after the 
filing of his declaration of intention to become such citizen. 

TWENTY-SECOND STATUTES AT LARGE, PAGE 61. 

[Act of May 6,1882, chap. 126, sec. 14, 22 Stat. 61.] 

Naturalization of Chinese prohibited. 

Sec. 14. That hereafter no State court or court of the 
United States shall admit Chinese to citizenship; and all 
laws in conflict with this Act are hereby repealed. 

TWENTY-EIGHTH STATUTES AT LARGE, PAGE 124. 

[Act of July 26th, 1894, chap. 165, 28 Stat. 124.] 

Aliens honorably discharged from service in Navy or Marine 
Corps. 

Any alien of the age of twenty-one years and upward 
who has enlisted or may enlist in the United States Navy 
or Marine Corps, and has served or may hereafter serve five 
consecutive years in the United States Navy or one enlist¬ 
ment in the United States Marine Corps, and has been or 
may hereafter be honorably discharged, shall be admitted 
to become a citizen of the United States upon his petition, 
without any previous declaration of his intention to become 
such; and the court admitting such alien shall, in addition 
to proof of good moral character, be satisfied by competent 
proof of such person’s service in and honorable discharge 
from the United States Navy or Marine Corps. 

AN ACT TO VALIDATE CERTAIN CERTIFICATES 
OF NATURALIZATION. 

[Stat. 1905-6, Part I, p. 630.] 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

That naturalization certificates issued after the Act approved 
March third, nineteen hundred and three, entitled “An Act 
to regulate the immigration of aliens into the United States,” 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


27 


went into effect, which fail to show that the courts issuing 
said certificates complied with the requirements of section 
thirty-nine of said Act, but which were otherwise lawfully 
issued, are hereby declared to be as valid as though said 
certificates complied with said section: Provided, That in 
all such cases applications shall be made for new naturaliza¬ 
tion certificates, and when the same are granted, upon com¬ 
pliance with the provisions of said Act of nineteen hundred 
and three, they shall relate back to the defective certificates, 
and citizenship shall be deemed to have been perfected at 
the date of the defective certificate. 

Sec. 2. That all the records relating to naturalization, all 
declarations of intention to become citizens of the United 
States, and all certificates of naturalization filed, recorded, 
or issued prior to the time when this Act takes effect in or 
from the criminal court of Cook County, Illinois, shall for 
all purposes be deemed to be and to have been made, filed, 
recorded, or issued by a court with jurisdiction to naturalize 
aliens, but shall not be by this Act further validated or 
legalized. 

Approved, June 29,1906. 


PENAL LAWS. 

Taken from Penal Laws codified and enacted, March 4, 1909. 

[Chap. 321, 35 Stat. L. 1080.] 

Sec. 74. Whoever shall falsely make, forge, or counter¬ 
feit, or cause or procure to be falsely made, forged or 
counterfeited, or shall knowingly aid or assist in falsely mak¬ 
ing, forging or counterfeiting any certificate of citizenship, 
with intent to use the same, or with the intent that the same 
may be used by some other person, shall be fined not more 
than ten thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more than ten 
years, or both. 

Sec. 75. Whoever shall engrave, or cause or procure to 
be engraved, or assist in engraving, any plate in the like¬ 
ness of any plate designed for the printing of a certificate 
of citizenship; or whoever shall sell any such plate, or shall 
bring into the United States from any foreign place any such 
plate, except under the direction of the Secretary of Com- 



28 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


merce and Labor, or other proper officer; or whoever shall 
have in his control, custody, or possession any metallic plate 
engraved after the similitude of any plate from which any 
such certificate has been printed, with intent to use or to 
suffer such plate to be used in forging or counterfeiting 
any such certificate or any part thereof; or whoever shall 
print, photograph, or in any manner cause to be printed, 
photographed, made, or executed, any print or impression 
in the likeness of any such certificate or any part thereof; 
or whoever shall sell any such certificate, or shall bring the 
same into the United States from any foreign place, except 
by direction of some proper officer of the United States; or 
whoever shall have in his possession a distinctive paper 
which has been adopted by the proper officer of the United 
States for the printing of such certificate, with intent un¬ 
lawfully to use the same, shall be fined not more than ten 
thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more than ten years, or 
both. 

Sec. 76. Whoever, when applying to be admitted a citi 
zen, or when appearing as a witness for any such person, 
shall knowingly personate any person other than himself, 
or shall falsely appear in the name of a deceased person, 
or in an assumed or fictitious name; or whoever shall false¬ 
ly make, forge, or counterfeit any oath, notice, affidavit, 
certificate, order, record, signature, or other instrument, 
paper, or proceeding required or authorized by any law 
relating to or providing for the naturalization of aliens; 
or whoever shall utter, sell, dispose of, or shall use as true 
or genuine, for any unlawful purpose, any false, forged, 
antedated, or counterfeit oath, notice, certificate, order, 
record, signature, instrument, paper, or proceeding above 
specified, or whoever shall sell or dispose of to any person 
other than the person for whom it was originally issued 
any certificate of citizenship or certificate showing any per¬ 
son to be admitted a citizen, shall be fined not more than 
one thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more than five 
years, or both. 

Sec. 77. Whoever shall use or attempt to use, or shall 
aid, assist, or participate in the use of any certificate of 
citizenship, knowing the same to be forged, counterfeit, or 
antedated, or knowing the same to have been procured by 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


29 


fraud or otherwise unlawfully obtained; or whoever, with¬ 
out lawful excuse, shall knowingly possess any false, forged, 
antedated, or counterfeit certificate of citizenship purport¬ 
ing to have been issued under any law of the United States 
relating to naturalization, knowing such certificate to be 
false, forged, antedated, or counterfeit, with the intent un¬ 
lawfully to use the same; or whoever shall obtain, accept, 
or receive any certificate of citizenship, knowing the same 
to have been procured by fraud or by the use or means of 
any false name or statement given or made with the intent 
to procure, or to aid in procuring, the issuance of such cer¬ 
tificate, or knowing the same to have been fraudulently 
altered or antedated; or whoever, without lawful excuse, 
shall have in his possession any blank certificate of citizen¬ 
ship provided by the Bureau of Immigration and Naturali¬ 
zation with the intent unlawfully to use the same; or who¬ 
ever, after having been admitted to be a citizen, shall, on 
oath or by affidavit, knowingly deny that he has been so 
admitted, with the intent to evade or avoid any duty or 
liability imposed or required by law, shall be fined not more 
than one thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more than 
five years, or both. 

Sec. 78. Whoever shall in any manner use, for the pur¬ 
pose of registering as a voter, or as evidence of a right to 
vote, or otherwise unlawfully, any order, certificate of citi¬ 
zenship, or certificate, judgment, or exemplification, show¬ 
ing any person to be admitted to be a citizen, whether here¬ 
tofore or hereafter issued or made, knowing that such order, 
certificate, judgment, or exemplification has been unlaw¬ 
fully issued or made; or whoever shall unlawfully use, or 
attempt to use, any such order or certificate, issued to or 
in the name of any other person, or in a fictitious name, or 
the name of a deceased person, shall be fined not more than 
one thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more than five 
years, or both. 

Sec. 79. Whoever shall knowingly use any certificate of 
naturalization heretofore or which hereafter may be granted 
by any court, which has been or may be procured through 
fraud or by false evidence, or which has been or may here¬ 
after be issued by the clerk or any other officer of the court 
without any appearance and hearing of the applicant in 


30 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


court, and without lawful authority; or whoever, for any 
fraudulent purpose whatever, shall falsely represent him¬ 
self to be a citizen of the United States without having been 
duly admitted to citizenship, shall be fined not more than 
one thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more than two 
years, or both. 

Sec. 80. Whoever, in any proceeding under or by virtue 
of any law relating to the naturalization of aliens, shall 
knowingly swear falsely in any case where an oath is made 
or affidavit taken, shall be fined not more than one thousand 
dollars and imprisoned not more than five years. 

Sec. 81. The provisions of the five sections last preced¬ 
ing shall apply to all proceedings had or taken, or 
attempted to be had or taken, before any court in which 
any proceedings for naturalization may be commenced or 
attempted to be commenced, and whether such court was 
vested by law with jurisdiction in naturalization proceed 
ings or not. 

By the terms of section 341 of the Act of March 4, 1909, 
the foregoing sections specifically repealed sections 5395, 
5424, 5425, 5426, 5428, and 5429 of the Revised Statutes of 
the United States, and sections 16, 17, and 19 of the Act of 
June 29, 1906 (34 Stat. L., pt. 1, ch. 3592, p. 596). 


NATURALIZATION REGULATIONS. 


These Regulations supersede those of May 22, 1911. 


Department of Commerce and Labor, 

Office of the Secretary, 

Washington, November 11, 1911. 

1. Since September 26, 1906, naturalization jurisdiction 
of State courts is confined to such as have “a seal, a clerk, 
and jurisdiction in actions at law or equity, or law and 
equity, in which the amount in controversy is unlimited.” 

2. Any alien who prior to September 27, 1906, has de¬ 
clared his intention in conformity with the law in force at 
the date of his declaration, shall not be required to renew 
such declaration. 






OF THE UNITED STATES 


3] 


3. Aliens who lawfully declared their intention on and 
after June 29, 1906, and prior to September 27, 1906, must 
comply with all of the requirements of the naturalization 
act of June 29, 1906, in petitioning for naturalization. 

Aliens who declared their intention prior to June 29, 1906, 
in accordance with the requirements of law, must comply 
with all of the requirements of the naturalization act of 
June 29, 1906, in petitioning for naturalization, except that 
they will not be required to sign their petitions in their own 
handwriting, or to speak the English language. 

4. Any alien who declares his intention after June 29, 
1906, and files his petition thereon, must sign said petition 
in his own handwriting and must be able to speak the Eng¬ 
lish language, unless excepted by the provisos in section 
eight of the naturalization act. If an alien is physically 
unable to speak, that fact should be stated in his petition in 
lieu of the statment, “I am able to speak the English lan¬ 
guage.” Aliens who arrive in the United States before 
reaching 18 years of age can not obtain citizenship without 
making declaration of intention, which may be made at 
the place of their established residence after reaching that 
age. 

5. Blank forms “Facts for declaration of intention” 
(Form 2213) and “Facts for petition for naturalization” 
(Form 2214) are provided clerks of courts for the prelimi¬ 
nary use of persons making declaration of intention or peti¬ 
tion for naturalization, and may be taken away from the 
office of the clerk in order that the information called for 
may be obtained in full. When either of said forms is 
returned to the clerk he shall examine it to see that all the 
information required is furnished before proceeding to make 
out a declaration or petition. 

In all cases where aliens have arrived in this country after 
June 29, 1906, they should be given the form, “Application 
for certificate of arrival,” Form 2226, at the time they de¬ 
sire to file petitions for naturalization, instead of Form 2214. 
This application has attached to it the facts required in a 
petition for naturalization. The application and other blanks 
on the form should all be carefully filled out by the alien 
and mailed to the Chief of the Division of Naturalization to 
enable him to obtain and transmit the required certificate of 


32 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


arrival to the clerk of the court for filing with the petition. 
The Clerk of the court should not commence the execution 
of the petition until he has received the certificate of arrival. 

6. Declarations of intention will be furnished in bound 
volumes (Form 2202, 50 leaves; 2202A, 150 leaves, or 2202B, 
250 leaves) as a court record, varied in number of pages 
according to the requirements of the court. In addition to 
the bound records, the duplicate and triplicate declarations 
of intention (Form 2203) will be furnished as loose sheets 
attached together and perforated, so that they can be readily 
torn apart, the triplicate to be given to the declarant and 
the duplicate to be forwarded to the Bureau of Immigra¬ 
tion and Naturalization (Division of Naturalization). Each 
bound record will contain an index in addition to the origi¬ 
nal declarations of intention, and will be paged in con¬ 
secutive order. At the time the original declarations of 
intention in the bound volumes are filled out and signed 
the names of the declarants must be entered in the index. 
The declarations shall be numbered consecutively, beginning 
with No. 1 in volume 1 and continuing the sequence from 
volume to volume. 

7. The originals of the petitions for naturalization will 
also be furnished in bound volumes (Form 2204, 100 leaves, 
or 2204B, 250 leaves), paged in consecutive order and pro¬ 
vided with an index. The duplicate petitions (Form 2205) 
will be furnished as loose sheets, and when executed must 
be forwarded to the Bureau of Immigration and Naturaliza¬ 
tion (Division of Naturalization) by registered mail, as pro¬ 
vided in Rule 22 of these regulations. The original petitions 
for naturalization in the bound volumes must be filled out 
and signed, the names of the petitioners entered in the 
index, and retained as part of the permanent records of 
the office in which filed. Petitions shall be numbered con¬ 
secutively, beginning with No. 1 in volume 1 and continuing 
in order in the following volumes. The first petition in 
volume 2 must not be numbered “1,” but shall receive the 
number following that given the last petition in volume 1. 

8. Certificates of naturalization (Form 2207) will be sup¬ 
plied in bound volumes consisting of original and duplicate 
certificates and stubs. Each original and duplicate certifi¬ 
cate and the stub will be given the same serial number, the 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


33 


stub to the original certificate bearing a page number in 
addition to its serial number. Each book will bear a volume 
number, and the volume number and page of the stub must 
be given on the face of the certificate. The original cer¬ 
tificate will be given to the petitioner in accordance with 
the final order of the court, and the duplicate shall be for¬ 
warded to the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization 
(Division of Naturalization) by registered mail, as provided 
in Rule 22 of these regulations, the stub to the original 
constituting a part of the permanent records of the court. 
The bound volumes, containing the declarations, petitions, 
and certificates, constitute the “records” and dockets re¬ 
quired by sections 6 and 14 of the naturalization act. The 
Department requires no other dockets to be kept. 

9. No certificate of naturalization shall be issued to a 
petitioner until after the judge of the court granting 
naturalization has signed the order to that effect. 

10. Clerks of courts will be furnished with requisition 
blanks (Form 2201) on which are listed, by number and 
title, all blank forms, including record and order books, 
to be used in the naturalization of aliens, and these forms 
must be obtained exclusively from the Department of Com¬ 
merce and Labor (Division of Naturalization), none other 
being official. Manila envelopes or jackets (Form 2211) will 
be furnished to clerks in which to place the triplicate dec¬ 
laration of intention or the original certificate of naturali¬ 
zation before delivering it to the person making the declara¬ 
tion or to the person naturalized. 

11. The first supply of blank forms will be furnished 
upon the written application of the clerks of courts hav¬ 
ing jurisdiction to naturalize aliens, accompanied, in the 
case of clerks of State courts, by authoritative evidence 
(preferably the certificate of the attorney-general of the 
State) that the courts of which such clerks are officers have 
“a seal, a clerk, and jurisdiction in actions at law or equity, 
or law and equity, in which the amount in controversy is 
unlimited.” Subsequent supplies of such blank forms .will 
be furnished the clerks of courts having jurisdiction to 
naturalize aliens upon receipt by the Bureau of Immigra¬ 
tion and Naturalization (Division of Naturalization) of 
requisitions made on Form 2201. 


34 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


12. Clerks of courts when first making application to 
the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization (Division of 
Naturalization) for the supplies of the blank forms required 
in the naturalization of aliens shall state whether any dec¬ 
larations of intention have been filed or orders of naturali¬ 
zation made by their courts since September 26, 1906. 

All applications for supplies of certificates of naturaliza¬ 
tion (Form 2207) should be accompanied by a statment of 
the number, if any, of certificates of naturalization issued 
by the clerks of courts making such applications since 
June 1, 1903, if such certificates failed to comply with the 
requirements of the immigration act of March 3, 1903. 

13. Where the same court holds sessions at different 
places, whether a clerk is appointed at each of said places 
or the one clerk is required to transact the business of the 
court wherever it may sit, separate supplies shall be kept, 
in order to comply with the requirements of section 14 of 
the naturalization act, which provides that the bound dec¬ 
larations of intention and of petitions for naturalization 
shall be in chronological order. 

14. In every case in which the name of a naturalized 
alien is changed by order of court, as provided in section 6, 
the clerk of the court is required to report both the origi¬ 
nal and the new name of the said person to the Bureau of 
Immigration and Naturalization (Division of Naturaliza¬ 
tion) when transmitting to it the duplicate of the certificate 
of naturalization of the alien whose name is changed. 

15. On the first working day of each month the clerk 
shall inform the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization 
(Division of Naturalization) on Form 2209 of the date of 
posting notice on Form 2206, as required by section 5, and 
of the day, month, and year, as near as may be, for the 
final hearing of each and every petition for naturalization 
filed and posted during the preceding month. These reports 
on Form 2209 must specify only the petitions filed in the 
month to which the report relates and no others. The 
specific dates of postponed hearings shall also be reported 
promptly on Form 2209, using a separate sheet, and in such 
continued cases notice on Form 2206 must be amended to 
show the postponed date and remain posted until final action 
is had. 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


35 


16. On the first working day of each month following 
the sitting of a court in naturalization cases the clerk of 
such court shall forward to the Bureau of Immigration and 
Naturalization (Division of Naturalization) on Form 2210 
a list containing the name of each and every alien who, 
during such sitting of court, has been denied naturalization 
and shall state the reason or reasons for such denial. 

17. Applications for the issuance of declarations of inten¬ 
tion (Form 2203) or certificates of naturalization (Form 
2207), in lieu of declarations of intention or certificates of 
naturalization claimed to have been lost or destroyed, shall 
be made under oath to the clerk of the court by which any 
such declarations of intention or certificates of naturaliza¬ 
tion were originally issued, and shall contain full informa¬ 
tion in regard to the lost or destroyed papers, and as to 
the time, place, and circumstances of such alleged loss or 
destruction. The clerk shall forward to the Bureau of 
Immigration and Naturalization (Division of Naturaliza¬ 
tion) the above-mentioned applications, together with such 
information as he may have bearing upon the merits thereof, 
for investigation, and no such paper so applied for shall 
be issued until the Bureau of Immigration and Naturali¬ 
zation (Division of Naturalization) reports the results of 
its investigation as to the merits of the application. 

In every case in which the clerk of the court issues, in 
accordance with the foregoing, a declaration of intention 
(Form 2203) or a certificate of naturalization (Form 2207), 
upon proof of the loss or destruction of the original, he 
shall make an entry on the original declaration showing the 
issuance of a certified copy, or on the stubs of both the new 
and the old certificates of naturalization, showing the issu¬ 
ance of a new certificate, giving the numbers of the new 
and old certificates, and shall immediately thereafter for¬ 
ward to the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization 
(Division of Naturalization) the duplicate of any such paper 
so issued. 

Certified copies of declarations of intention (Form 2215) 
and certificates of naturalization (Form 2216) may be pro¬ 
vided by clerks of courts under their hand and the seal of 
the court out of which the papers originally issued, only for 
the use of persons who make entry upon public lands of 


36 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


the United States, and who are required to submit proof 
that they have declared their intention to become citizens, 
or have become naturalized. When issued these forms must 
be made in duplicate, one to be given to the person apply¬ 
ing therefor and the duplicate forwarded with other 
naturalization papers on the first working day of the suc¬ 
ceeding month to the Bureau of Immigration and Naturali¬ 
zation (Division of Naturalization). Unless the applicant 
presents to the clerk his original declaration or certificate 
for comparison, these forms can under no conditions be 
issued. 

The fees to be collected for the issuance of each of the 
copies of declarations of intention and of certificates of 
naturalization described in this regulation, and the dis¬ 
posal to be made of such fees when collected, will be deter¬ 
mined in accordance with the law and the rules in force in 
the respective courts. No part of these fees is required to 
be forwarded to this Department. Clerks are, however, 
required to make quarterly reports, on Form 2217, on the 
first working day of January, April, July, and October, of 
the number of such papers issued during the preceding 
quarter. 

This rule applies exclusively to naturalization papers 
issued since September 26, 1906. 

18. Original declarations of intention, or certificates of 
naturalization, issued subsequent to September 26, 1906, and 
surrendered to the General Land Office in support of entries 
upon public land, may be returned upon proper applica¬ 
tion. In cases of declarations of intention the clerk will 
forward the application to the Bureau of Immigration and 
Naturalization (Division of Naturalization), accompanied 
by a certified copy on Form 2215. In cases of certificates, 
the application will be accompanied by a personal descrip¬ 
tion of the applicant. In both instances, a description of 
the land should be included, giving the section, township, 
and range, together with the date and place of making the 
entry. The originals will then be procured from the General 
Land Office and returned to the clerk of the court. 

19. For recording the affidavits of substituted witnesses 
under section 5, of the Act of June 29, 1906, blank forms 
(Form 2218) have been prepared as pasters to be affixed to 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


37 


the backs of petitions in the bound volume, following the 
“Order of court admitting petitioner.” Copies of this form 
may be procured by the usual requisition (Form 2201). 

20. Aliens making declaration of intention, or filing peti¬ 
tions for naturalization, must sign their names in full and 
without abbreviation in the appropriate places on the various 
blank forms, and the entries of their names by the clerk 
must correspond in every particular. Where a name con¬ 
tains an initial which is used only to distinguish one indi¬ 
vidual from another with the same surname that fact should 
be noted on the paper. 

21. Clerks of courts shall not receive declarations of in¬ 
tention (Form 2202) or file petitions for naturalization 
(Form 2204) from other aliens than white persons and per¬ 
sons of African nativity or of African descent, nor from 
persons not residing in the judicial district within which 
the court is held. 

22. On the first working day of each and every month, 
and not otherwise, clerks of courts shall forward to the 
Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization (Division of Nat¬ 
uralization) duplicates of all declarations of intention, pe¬ 
titions for naturalization, and certificates of naturalization 
filed or issued during the preceding month. Duplicate pe¬ 
titions for naturalization and duplicate certificates of natu¬ 
ralization shall be forwarded by registered mail; and dupli¬ 
cate declarations of intention as well as other papers may be 
inclosed therewith provided the combined weight of the doc¬ 
uments does not exceed 4 pounds, otherwise they shall be 
forwarded separately by unregistered mail. The same course 
should be followed in forwarding naturalization papers to 
the Bureau which have been returned for correction. Each 
clerk making a shipment of naturalization papers other than 
papers returned for correction is required to forward there¬ 
with a report on Form 2208 showing the number of such 
papers filed or issued during the month reported. Where 
petitions for naturalization have been filed the report on 
Form 2209 showing the approximate dates of final hearings 
shall also be inclosed with such shipment. When no natu¬ 
ralization business has been transacted during any month 
it is unnecessary to render monthly reports to that effect, 
but report should be made as prescribed in Rule 23. 


38 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


23. All fees provided for in section 13 of the act of June 
29, 1906, shall be accounted for on the “Abstract of collec¬ 
tions ” (Form 2212) within thirty days after the closje of each 
quarter of a fiscal year. These quarters end September 30, 
December 31, March 31, and June 30, respectively. One- 
half of all moneys so collected, up to $6,000, and all in ex¬ 
cess thereof, shall be remitted to the Chief of the Division 
of Naturalization, Bureau of Immigration and Naturaliza¬ 
tion, with said quarterly account, such remittance to be 
made payable to the order of the “Secretary of Commerce 
and Labor,” preferably by draft. The Comptroller of the 
Treasury has decided that section 13 requires the collection 
of the final fee of $2 whether the certificate of naturalization 
be issued or denied. 

In cases where no naturalization business is transacted 
during any quarter Form 2212 shall be forwarded as afore¬ 
said with the words “No transactions” noted thereon. 

24. An alien of the age of 21 years and upward may be 
admitted to become a citizen without making declaration 
of his intention if he has been honorably discharged from 
the armies of the United States, or after a service of five 
consecutive years in the United States Navy, or after one 
enlistment of four years in the United States Marine Corps. 
Clerks of courts, instead of giving the information regard¬ 
ing declarations of intention, should appropriately insert in 
lieu thereof on petition (Forms 2204 and 2205) : “Petitioner 
is an honorably discharged (soldier, member of the Navy, 
or member of the Marine Corps) and makes application for 
citizenship under (section 2166, U.S.R.S., or act of June 26, 
1894). He enlisted in the (name of organization) on the 
(day, month and year).” In the last paragraph preceding 
the signature of the petitioner that portion of the sentence 
relating to the declaration of intention and certificate of ar¬ 
rival should be struck through when the alien arrived on or 
prior to June 29, 1906. When the arrival was after that 
date, only the words “my declaration of intention to become 
a citizen of the United States and” should be struck out. 
The statement following the signature of the petitioner to 
the body of the petition should be struck out entirely in 
case of aliens arriving on or before June 29, 1906; but for 
those arriving after that date only the words “Declaration 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


39 


of Intention” should be struck out, and in both cases the 
entry in lieu thereof should be made “Honorable discharge 

certificate of petitioner was exhibited to me this.day of 

.” An appropriate note should also be entered upon 

the stub of the certificate issued to said applicant. 

Certain aliens are permitted to petition for naturalization 
under the terms of the act of June 25, 1910, without proof 
of previous declaration of intention. Clerks of courts should 
state in lieu of the information regarding the declaration of 
intention “Filed under provisions of section 3 of the Act of 
Congress approved June 25, 1910,” and the statement follow¬ 
ing the first signature of the petitioner should be changed so 
as to read “Declaration of intention omitted under the terms 
of the Act of June 25, 1910.” 

25. So far as practicable the clerks of courts having juris¬ 
diction under the provisions of the naturalization laws will 
be furnished, upon requisition therefor on Form 2201, with 
appropriately addressed envelopes for communicating with 
the Bureau. When not using such envelopes, however, all 
communications, in addition to the other necessary address, 
should be plainly marked “Division of Naturalization.” 

26. Clerks of courts haviner jurisdiction to naturalize 
under the provisions of the act of June 29, 1906, are re¬ 
quested, in case the foregoing rules and regulations fail to 
remove from their minds doubt as to the proper course of 
action in any case, to write to the Chief of the Division of 
Naturalization, Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization, 
for instructions before taking such action. 

BENJ. S. CABLE, 
Acting Secretary. 


QUESTIONS USUALLY ASKED ON EXAMINATION OF 
APPLICANTS FOR NATURALIZATION. 

Question: What is our form of government? 

Answer: A republican form of government. 

Q. Who is the ruler in the United States? 

A. The people. 

Q. What is the highest law in the United States? 

A. The Constitution. 

Q. Have you ever read the Constitution? 






40 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


A. I have. 

Q. By whom was the Constitution made ? 

A. A Constitutional Congress was called in 1787 after 
the war of the Revolution had been concluded, a war that 
took place between the 13 original colonies of the United 
States and the Kingdom of Great Britain, in which the orig¬ 
inal thirteen United Colonies gained their independence from 
Great Britain. This made a Constitution that was accepted 
by these colonies. 

Q. Has the Constitution ever been amended? 

A. It has. Fifteen amendments have been made to the 
Constitution. To amend the Constitution the amendment 
must be passed by a two-thirds majority of both houses of 
Congress, and must then be ratified by three-fourths of the 
existing States of the United States. 

Q. How is the Government divided? 

A. The Government is divided into three parts, the Leg¬ 
islative or Congress, the Executive or the President, and the 
Judicial, the United States Courts. 

Q. How are the general laws of the United States made ? 

A. By Congress. 

Q. Where does Congress meet? 

A. At Washington. 

Q. What laws can Congress make? 

A. Only laws that are not in conflict with the Constitu¬ 
tion of the United States. 

Q. How is Congress constituted? 

A. Congress is composed of two houses—the Senate and 
the House of Representatives. 

Q. What are the members of the Senate and the House 
of Representatives called? 

A. Senators and Congressmen. 

Q. How are the Senators elected? 

A. Each State has two Senators and they are elected by 
the Legislature of each State. 

Q. How are the Congressmen elected? 

A. Each State has the number of Congressmen propor¬ 
tionate to its population, each State being divided into the 
number of Congressional Districts to which its population 
entitles it, and each District elects a Congressman by vote 
of the people. 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


41 


Q. How long do Senators serve ? 

A. For six years. 

Q. How long do Congressmen serve? 

A. For two years. 

Q. Who makes the Congressional Districts? 

A. They are made by Congress, giving each State as many 
Congressmen as its population entitles it, and the Congres¬ 
sional Districts are then fixed by the Legislature of the 
State. 

Q. How many Congressmen are there? 

A. 435, one for about every 211,000 inhabitants. 

Q. After Congress passes a law, what is necessary for it 
to go into effect? 

A. The President must either sign the law, or if he does 
not sign it, it becomes a law ten days after its passage, un¬ 
less the President in the meantime should veto it. 

Q. What is meant by the President vetoing a bill? 

A. Under the Constitution, after Congress passes a law, 
the President can either approve it or disapprove it, and this 
disapproval is called a veto. The law can not then go into 
effect if the President should veto it unless the law is passed 
over his veto by a two-thirds vote of both houses of Congress. 

Q. Who elects the President and in what manner? 

A. The President is elected indirectly by the people, as 
follows: Every four years there are elected in each State 
according to the population of the State, Presidential elect¬ 
ors, and these electors from all of the States vote for a Pres¬ 
ident and a Vice-President. The man receiving the largest 
number of votes for President is elected President, and the 
same in the case of the Vice-President. The people do not 
vote directly for President. These electors are men who are 
nominated by the various political parties to be elected as 
electors, and although they are not required by law to vote 
for any particular man, yet as they are nominated by differ¬ 
ent political parties, they always vote for the man who has 
been nominated for President by their political party. 

Q. For how long is the President elected, and what are 
his duties? 

A. The President is elected for four years, and is eligi¬ 
ble for re-election. Pie is Commander-in-Chief of the Army 
and Navy, and it is his principal duty to see that the Con- 


42 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


stitution and laws of the United States are enforced. With 
the consent of the Senate, he appoints all the United States 
Judges, foreign Ambassadors, Secretaries of Departments 
(called his Cabinet) and Commissions all the officers of the 
Army and Navy. He performs such other duties as are im¬ 
posed upon him by Congress. 

Q. How is the Vice-President elected? 

A. He is elected in the same manner as the President. 

Q. What are the duties of the Vice-President? 

A. He presides over the Senate, and in case of the death 
of the President, he becomes President. 

Q. What is the Judicial Branch of the Government? 

A. It consists of the United States Courts. 

Q. What are these? 

A. They consist of the Supreme Court of the United 
States, and of such inferior Courts as Congress may consti¬ 
tute. 

Q. What is the Supreme Court of the United States? 

A. It consists of one Chief Justice and eight Associate 
Justices, who are appointed by the President with the ap¬ 
proval of the United States Senate, and the Supreme Court 
has the power to decide whether laws passed by Congress 
are in accordance with the Constitution or not, and if the 
Supreme Court decides that the laws passed by Congress are 
unconstitutional, then such laws have no effect. 

Q. What other United States Courts are there besides the 
Supreme Court? 

A. District Courts, Circuit Courts and Circuit Courts of 
Appeal, between the Circuit Courts and the United States 
Supreme Court, and the Judges of these Courts are appointed 
by the President with the advice of the Senate, and are gene¬ 
rally known as Federal Judges. 

Q. Does Congress make the laws for the States? 

A. It does only in such cases as are allowed by the Con¬ 
stitution of the United States, but each State has a Legis¬ 
lature which is modeled for each State like Congress is mod¬ 
eled for the United States. 

Q. What are the Legislatures of the various States? 

A. The Legislature of each State consists of the State 
Senate and an Assembly. Each State is divided, according 
to the laws of the State, into a certain number of Senatorial 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


43 


Districts and Assembly Districts, and the State Senators and 
Assemblymen who are members of these two branches of the 
Legislature, are elected directly by the people of the State. 

Q. For what term are the State Senators and Assembly- 
men elected? 

A. The State Senators are elected for four years and the 
Assemblymen for two years. 

Q. Into how many branches are State governments di¬ 
vided ? 

A. Into the same number of branches as the United 
States Government is divided, the Executive or Governor, 
the Legislative or the State Legislature, and the Judicial or 
the Supreme Court of the State, and such other inferior 
courts as the Legislature may constitute. 

Q. How is the Governor elected? 

A. The Governor of a State is elected by the votes of 
the people. 

Q. Do States have Constitutions? 

A. Yes. Each State has a Constitution of its own, but 
not conflicting with the Constitution of the United States. 

Q. What are the duties of the Governor? 

A. His duties are to see that the laws of the State are 
enforced, and he has the right to veto any law that is passed 
by the Legislature. If he vetoes the laws passed by the 
Legislature, they must be re-enacted by a two-thirds major¬ 
ity of both houses of the Legislature to go into effect. He is 
Commander-in-Chief of the State Militia. 

Q. How are cities governed in the United States ? 

A. Some are governed under laws passed by the Legis¬ 
lature, or by Charter granted to the Cities. Some cities in 
the United States are governed by a Mayor and the City 
Council, and some are governed by Commissioners. 

Q. How are these elected? 

A. By the votes of the people residing in the city. 

Q. Are all the people living in a City, County or State 
allowed to vote? 

A. No, only those who have lived in a City, County or 
State for the time required by the laws of the State, and 
who have registered to vote as required by the laws of the 
State. 


44 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


Q. Into what are States divided? 

A. Each State is divided into the number of Counties 
convenient for its local government. 

Q. Who governs in the various Counties? 

A. The general local rules of government in each County 
are called Ordinances and are passed by the Board of Super¬ 
visors who are elected by the people. 

Q. How are laws for a city enacted ? 

A. The City Council or City Commissioners, as the case 
may be, pass the laws for the City that are in accordance 
with its Charter and with the State laws. In some cities 
the members of the City Council are called Councilmen and 
in others they are called Aldermen. Some cities have two 
branches of the Council called the Select Council and the 
Common Council according to the laws or Charters provided 
for such Cities. 

Q. How are Charters for Cities obtained? 

A. As a rule City Charters are adopted by a vote of the 
people qualified to vote in each City, and are then passed by 
the Legislature of the State. 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


45 


The Declaration of Independence 

In Congress, July 4th, 1776. 

THE UNANIMOUS DECLARATION OF THE THIRTEEN 
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary 
for one people to dissolve the political bands which have 
connected them with another, and to assume, among the 
powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which 
the laws of nature and of nature’s God entitle them, a decent 
respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should 
declare the causes which impel them to the separation. 

We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are 
created equal; that they are endowed, by their creator, with 
certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, 
and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, 
governments are instituted among men, deriving their just 
powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever 
any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, 
it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to 
institute a new government, laying its foundation on such 
principles, and organizing its powers in such form as to them 
shall seem most likely to affect their safety and happiness. 
Prudence, indeed, will dictate, that governments long estab¬ 
lished should not be changed for light and transient causes; 
and accordingly, all experience hath shown, that mankind 
are more disposed to suffer while evils are sufferable, than to 
right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are 
accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpa¬ 
tions, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design 
to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it 
is their duty to throw off such government, and to provide 
new guards for their future security. Such has been the 
patient sufferance of these colonies; and such is now the ne¬ 
cessity which constrains them to alter their former systems 
of government. The history of the present king of Great 
Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all 


46 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


having in direct object the establishment of an absolute 
tyranny over these states. To prove this, let facts be sub¬ 
mitted to a candid world. 

He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and 
necessary for the public good. 

He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immedi¬ 
ate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their ope¬ 
ration, till his assent should be obtained; and when so sus¬ 
pended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them. 

He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation 
of large districts of people, unless those people would re¬ 
linquish the right of representation in the legislature—a 
right inestimable to them, and formidable to tyrants only. 

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, 
nnoomfortable, and distant from the repository of their pub¬ 
lic records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into com¬ 
pliance with his measures. 

He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly for op¬ 
posing, with manly firmness, his invasions on the rights of 
the people. 

He has refused, for a long time after such dissolutions, to 
cause others to be elected; whereby the legislative powers, 
incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people at 
large, for their exercise, the state remaining, in the mean 
time, exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, 
and convulsions within. 

He has endeavored to prevent the population of these 
states; for that purpose obstructing the laws for naturaliza¬ 
tion of foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their 
migration hither, and raising the conditions of new appro¬ 
priations of lands. 

He has obstructed the administration of justice, by re¬ 
fusing his assent to laws for establishing judiciary powers. 

He has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the 
tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their 
salaries. 

He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither 
swarms of officers, to harass our people, and eat out their 
substance. 

He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies, 
without the consent of our legislatures. 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


47 


He has affected to render the military independent of, and 
superior to, the civil power. 

lie has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdic¬ 
tion foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our 
laws; giving his assent to their acts of pretended legislation: 

For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us: 

For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment 
for any murders which they should commit on the inhabi¬ 
tants of these states: 

For cutting off our trade with all parts of the w T orld: 

For imposing taxes on us without our consent: 

For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial 
by jury: 

For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended 
offenses: 

For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neigh¬ 
boring province, establishing therein an arbitrary govern¬ 
ment, and enlarging its boundaries, so as to render it at once 
an example and fit instrument for introducing the same ab¬ 
solute rule into these colonies: 

For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valu¬ 
able laws, and altering, fundamentally, the forms of our gov¬ 
ernment : 

For suspending our own legislatures, and declaring them¬ 
selves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases 
whatsoever. 

He has abdicated government here by declaring us out of 
his protection, and waging war against us. 

He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our 
towns and destroyed the lives of our people. 

He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mer¬ 
cenaries to complete the works of death, desolation, and 
tryanny already begun, with circumstances of cruelty and 
perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and 
totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation. 

He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on 
the high seas, to bear arms against their country, to become 


48 


WILSON'S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall 
themselves by their hands. 

He has excited domestic insurrections among us, and has 
endeavored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers the 
merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare is 
an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes, and con¬ 
ditions. 

In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for 
redress in the most humble terms; our repeated petitions 
have been answered only by repeated injury. A prince 
whose character is thus marked by every act which may de¬ 
fine a tyrant is unfit to be the ruler of a free people. 

Nor have we been wanting in attentions to our British 
brethren. We have warned them, from time to time, of at¬ 
tempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable juris¬ 
diction over us. We have reminded them of the circum¬ 
stances of our emigration and settlement here. We have ap¬ 
pealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have 
conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to dis¬ 
avow these usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt 
our connections and correspondence. They, too, have been 
deaf to the voice of justice and consanguinity. We must, 
therefore, acquiesce in the necessity which denounces our 
separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, 
enemies in war, in peace friends. 

We, therefore, the representatives of the United States 
of America, in General Congress assembled, appealing to 
the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our 
intentions, do, in the name and by the authority of the 
good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare 
that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, 
free and independent States; that they are absolved from 
all allegiance to the Britsh crown, and that all political 
connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, 
and ought to be, totally dissolved; and that, as free and 
independent States, they have full power to levy war, con¬ 
clude peace, contract alliance, establish commerce, and 
to do all other acts and things which independent States 
may of right do. And for the support of this declaration, 
with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


49 


we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, 
and our sacred honor. 

Signed by order and in behalf of the Congress. 

JOHN HANCOCK, President. 
Attested, CHARLES THOMPSON, Secretary. 


NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
Josiah Bartlett, 

William Whipple, 

Matthew Thornton. 

RHODE ISLAND, &c. 
Stephen Hopkins, 

William Ellely. 

NEW YORK. 
William Floyd, 

Phillip Livingston, 

Francis Lewis, 

Lewis Morris. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 
Robert Morris, 

Benjamin Rush, 

Benjamin Franklin, 

John Morton, 

George Clymer, 

James Smith, 

George Taylor, 

James Wilson, 

George Ross. 

VIRGINIA. 
George Wythe, 

Richard Henry Lee, 

Thomas Jefferson, 

Benjamin Harrison, 

Thomas Nelson, Jr., 

Francis Lightfoot Lee, 
Carter Braxton. 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 
Edward Rutledge, 

Thomas Haywood, Jr., 
Thomas Lynch, Jr., • 

Arthur Middleton. 


MASSACHUSETTS BAY. 
Samuel Adams, 

John Adams, 

Robert Treat Paine, 

Eldridge Gerry. 

CONNECTICUT. 
Roger Sherman, 

Samuel Huntingdon, 

William Williams, 

Oliver Wolcott. 

NEW JERSEY, 
rcichard Stockton, 

John Witherspoon, 

Francis Hopkinson, 

John Hart, 

Abraham Clark. 

DELAWARE. 

Caeser Rodney, 

George Read, 

Thomas M’kean. 

MARYLAND. 
Samuel Chase, 

William Paca, 

Thomas Stone, 

Charles Carroll of Carrollton. 

NORTH CAROLINA. 
William Hooper, 

Joseph Hewes, 

John Penn. 

GEORGIA. 

Button Gwinnett, 

Lyman Hall, 

George Walton. 


50 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


Constitution of the United States 


Preamble. 

We the people of the United States, in order to form a 
more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tran¬ 
quility, provide for the common defence, promote the 
general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to our¬ 
selves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Con¬ 
stitution for the United States of America. 

The Legislative Department. 

ARTICLE I. 

Section 1. 

1. All legislative powers herein granted, shall be vested 
in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of 
a Senate and House of Representatives. 

Section 2. 

1. The House of Representatives shall be composed of 
members chosen every second year by the people of the 
several States; and the electors in each State shall have 
the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous 
branch of the State Legislature. 

2. No person shall be a Representative who shall not 
have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been 
seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall 
not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which 
he shall be chosen. 

3. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned 
among the several States which may be included within 
this Union, according to their respective numbers, which 
shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free 
persons, including those bound to service for a term of 
years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all 
other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made with- 



OF THE UNITED STATES 


51 


in three years after the first meeting of the Congress of 
the United States, and within every subsequent term of 
ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The 
number of representatives shall not exceed one for every 
thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one 
representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, 
the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose 
three; Massachusetts, eight; Rhode Island and Providence 
Plantations, one; Connecticut, five; New York, six; New 
Jersey, four; Pennsylvania, eight; Delaware, one; Mary¬ 
land, six; Virginia, ten; North Carolina, five; South Caro¬ 
lina, five; and Georgia, three. 

4. When vacancies happen in the representation from 
any State, the executive authority thereof shall issue writs 
of election to fill such vacancies. 

5. The House of Representatives shall choose their 
Speaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power 
of impeachment. 


Section 3. 

1. The Senate of the United States shall be composed 
of two Senators from each State, chosen by the legislature 
thereof for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. 

2. Immediately after they shall be assembled in conse¬ 
quence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally 
as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of 
the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the 
second year, of the second class at the expiration of the 
fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the 
sixth year, so that one third may be choosen every second 
year; and if vacancies happen, by resignation or otherwise, 
during the recess of the legislature of any State, the 
executive thereof may make temporary appointments until 
the next meeting of the legislature, which shall then fill 
such vacancies. 

3. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have at¬ 
tained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a 
citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, 
be an inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. 

4. The Vice-President of the United States shall be 


52 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


President of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they 
be equally divided. 

5. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also 
a President pro tempore in the absence of the Vice-Presi¬ 
dent, or when he shall exercise the office of President of 
the United States. 

6. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all im¬ 
peachments. When sitting for that purpose, they shall be 
on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United 
States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside; and no per¬ 
son shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds 
of the members present. 

7. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend 
further than to removal from office, and disqualification to 
hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under 
the United States; but the party convicted shall neverthe¬ 
less be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and 
punishment, according to law. 

Section 4. 

1. The times, places, and manner of holding elections for 
Senators and Representatives shall be prescribed in each 
State by the legislature thereof; but the Congress may at 
any time, by law, make or alter such regulations, except 
as to the places of choosing Senators. 

2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every 
year; and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in 
December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. 

Section 5. 

1. Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns, 
and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of 
each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller 
number may adjourn from day to day, and may be author¬ 
ized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such 
manner and under such penalties as each house may provide. 

2. Each house may determine the rules of its proceed¬ 
ings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and with 
the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member. 

3. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, 
and from time to time publish the same, excepting such 


Oi?’ THE UNITED STATES 


53 


parts as may in their judgment require secrecy; and the 
yeas and nays of the members of either house on any ques¬ 
tion shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be 
entered on the journal. 

4. Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, 
without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than 
three days, nor to any other place than that in which the 
two houses shall be sitting. 

Section 6. 

1. The Senators and Representatives shall recieve a com¬ 
pensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and 
paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall, 
in all cases, except treason, felony, and breach of the peace, 
be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the ses¬ 
sion of their respective houses, and in going to and return¬ 
ing from the same; and for any speech or debate in either 
house they shall not be questioned in any other place. 

2. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time 
for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office 
under the authority of the United States, which shall have 
been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been 
increased, during such time; and no person holding any 
office under the United States shall be a member of either 
house during his continuance in office. 

Section 7. 

1. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the 
House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or 
concur with amendments, as on other bills. 

2. Every bill which shall have passed the House of 
Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a 
law, be presented to the President of the United States; if 
he approve, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return 
it, with his objections, to that house in which it shall have 
originated; who shall enter the objections at large on their 
journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such recon¬ 
sideration, two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the 
bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the 
other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered; and 
if approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become 


54 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall 
be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the 
persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on 
the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall 
not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays 
excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same 
shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless 
the Congress by their adjournment prevent its return, in 
which case it shall not be a law. 

3. Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the con¬ 
currence of the Senate and House of Representatives may 
be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), shall 
be presented to the President of the United States; and 
before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by 
him; or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by 
two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, ac¬ 
cording to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case 
of a bill. 

Section 8. 

The Congress shall have power: 

2. To borrow money on the credit of the United States, 
to pay the debts, and provide for the common defence and 
general welare of the United States; but all duties, imposts, 
and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States. 

2. T. borrow money on the credit of the United States. 

3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and 
among the several States, and with the Indian tribes: 

4. To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and 
uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the 
United States: 

5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof and of 
foreign coin, and to fix the standard of weights and 
measures: 

6. To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the 
securities and current coin of the United States: 

7. To establish post-offices and post-roads: 

8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts, 
by securing for limited times, to authors and inventors, the 
exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries: 

9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court: 

10. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed 


OE THE UNITED STATES 


55 


on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations. 

11. To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, 
and make rules concerning captures on land and water: 

12. To raise and support armies; but no appropriation 
of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two 
years: 

13. To provide and maintain a navy : 

14. To make rules for the government and regulation 
of the land and naval forces: 

15. To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the 
laws of the Union, suppress insurrections, and repel 
invasions: 

16. To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining 
the militia, and for governing such parts of them as may be 
employed in the service of the United States; reserving to 
the States respectively the appointment of the officers and 
the authority of training the militia according to the dis¬ 
cipline prescribed by Congress. 

17. To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatso¬ 
ever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) 
as may, by cession of particular States, and the acceptance 
of Congress, become the seat of government of the United 
States; and to exercise like authority over all places pur¬ 
chased by the consent of the legislature of the State in 
which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, maga¬ 
zines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful buildings:— 
and 

18. To make all laws which shall be necessary and 
proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, 
and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the 
government of the United States, or in any department or 
officer thereof. 

Section 9. 

1. The immigration or importation of such persons as 
any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, 
shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year 
one thousand eight hundred and eight; but a tax or duty 
may be imposed on such importation not exceeding ten 
dollars for each person. 

2. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not 


56 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


be suspended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, 
the public safety may require it. 

3. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be 
passed. 

4. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless 
in proportion to the census or enumeration hereinbefore 
directed to be taken. 

5. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from 
any State. No preference shall be given by any regulation 
of commerce or revenue to the ports of one State over those 
of another; nor shall vessels bound to or from one State 
be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another. 

6. No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in 
consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular 
statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of 
all public money shall be published from time to time. 

7. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United 
States; and no person holding any office of profit or trust 
under them, shall, without the consent of Congress, accept 
of any present, emolument, office, or title, of any kind what¬ 
ever, from any king, prince, or foreign state. 

Section 10. 

1. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or con¬ 
federation ; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin 
money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and 
silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of 
attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obliga¬ 
tion of contracts; or grant any title of nobility. 

2. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay 
any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what 
may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection 
laws; and the net produce of all duties and imposts laid by 
any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the 
treasury of the United States, and all such laws shall be 
subject to the revision and control of Congress. 

3. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay 
any duty on tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time 
of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another 
State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless 
actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not 
admit of delay. 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


57 


ARTICLE II. 

The Executive Department. 

Section 1. 

1. The executive power shall be vested in a President 
of the United States of America. He shall hold his office 
during the term of four years; and, together with the Vice- 
President, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows: 

2. Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the legis¬ 
lature thereof may direct, a number of electors equal to 
the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which 
the State may be entitled in Congress; but no Senator or 
Representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit 
under the United States, shall be appointed an elector. 

3. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and 
vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall 
not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. 
And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for, 
and of the number of votes for each; which list they shall 
sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the 
government of the United States, directed to the President 
of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the 
presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open 
all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. 
The person having the greatest number of votes shall be 
President, if such number be a majority of the whole num¬ 
ber of electors appointed; and if there be more than one 
who have such a majority, and have an equal number of 
votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately 
choose, by ballot, one of them for President; and if no per¬ 
son have a majority, then, from the five highest on the list, 
the said House shall, in like manner, choose a President. 
But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by 
States, the representation from each State having one vote; 
a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or 
members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority 
of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every 
case after the choice of the President, the person having 
the greatest number of votes of the electors shall be Vice- 
President. But if there should remain two or more who 


58 


WILSON'S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them, by 
ballot, the Vice-President. 

4. The Congress may determine the time of choosing 
the electors, and the day on which they shall give their 
votes, which day shall be the same throughout the United 
States. 

5. No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen 
of the United States at the time of the adoption of this 
Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President: 
neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall 
not have attained to the age of thirty-five years, and been 
fourteen years a resident within the United States. 

6. In case of the removal of the President from office, 
or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the 
powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve 
on the Vice-President; and the Congress may, by law, pro¬ 
vide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, 
both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what 
officer shall then act as President; and such officer shall 
act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a Presi¬ 
dent shall be elected. 

7. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his 
services a compensation, which shall neither be increased 
nor diminished during the period for which he shall have 
been elected; and he shall not receive within that period 
any other emolument from the United States, or any of 
them. 

8. Before he enters on the execution of his office, he 
shall take the following oath or affirmation: 

“I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully 
execute the office of President of the United States; and 
will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend 
the Constitution of the United States.” 

Section 2. 

1. The President shall be Commander-in-chief of the 
army and navy of the United States, and of the militia 
of the several States, when called into the actual service 
of the United States. He may require the opinion, in 
writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive 
departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


59 


their respective offices; and he shall have power to grant 
reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States, 
except in cases of impeachment. 

2. He shall have power, by and with the advice and 
consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds 
of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and, 
by and with the advice and consent of the Senate shall 
appoint ambassadors and other public ministers and con¬ 
suls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers 
of the United States whose appointments are not herein 
otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by 
law. But the Congress may, by law, vest the appointment 
of such inferior officers as they think proper, in the Presi¬ 
dent alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of depart¬ 
ments. 

3. The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies 
that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by grant¬ 
ing commissions, which expire at the end of their next 
session. 


Section 3 

1. He shall, from time to time, give to Congress infor¬ 
mation of the state of the Union, and recommend to their 
consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and 
expedient. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene 
both houses, or either of them; and in case of disagreement 
between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, 
he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper. 
He shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers. 
He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed; 
and shall commission all officers of the United States. 


Section 4. 

1. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of 
the United States, shall be removed from office on impeach¬ 
ment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high 
crimes and misdemeanors. 


60 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


ARTICLE III. 

The Judicial Department. 

Section 1. 

1. The judicial power of the United States shall be 
vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts 
as Congress may, from time to time, ordain and establish. 
The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall 
hold their offices during good behavior; and shall, at stated 
times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall 
not be diminished during their continuance in office. 

Section 2. 

1. The judicial power shall extend to all cases in law 
and equity arising under this Constitution, the laws of the 
United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, 
under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, 
other public ministers, and consuls; to all cases of admiralty 
and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which the 
United States shall be a party; to controversies between two 
or more States; between a State and citizens of another 
State; between citizens of different States; between citizens 
of the same State claiming lands under grants of different 
States; and between a State, or the citizens thereof, and 
foreign states, citizens or subjects. 

2. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public minis¬ 
ters, and consuls, and those in which a State shall be a 
party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. 
In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court 
shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, 
with such exceptions and under such regulations as Con¬ 
gress shall make. 

3. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, 
shall be by jury, and such trial shall be held in the State 
where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when 
not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such 
place or places as Congress may by law have directed. 

Section 3. 

1. Treason against the United States shall consist only 
in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


61 


giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be con¬ 
victed of treason, unless on the testimony of two witnesses 
to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. 

2. Congress shall have power to declare the punish¬ 
ment of treason; but no attainder of treason shall work 
corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life 
of the person attainted. 


ARTICLE IV. 

Miscellaneous Provisions. 

Section 1. 

1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to 
the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every 
other State; and Congress may, by general laws, prescribe 
the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings 
shall be proved, and the effect thereof. 

Section 2. 

1. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the 
privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States. 

2. A person charged in any State with treason, felony, 
or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found 
in another State, shall, on demand of the executive authority 
of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be 
removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime. 

3. No person held to service or labor in one State, under 
the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in conse¬ 
quence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from 
such service or labor; but shall be delivered up on claim 
of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. 

Section 3. 

1. New States may be admitted by Congress into this 
Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within 
the jurisdiction of any other State, nor any State be formed 
by the junction of two or more States, or parts of States, 
without the consent of the legislatures of the States con¬ 
cerned, as well as of Congress. 

2. Congress shall have power to dispose of, and make all 


62 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or 
other property belonging to the United States; and nothing 
in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice 
any claims of the United States, or of any particular State. 

Section 4. 

1. The United States shall guarantee to every State in 
this Union a republican form of government, and shall pro¬ 
tect each of them against invasion; and, on application of 
the legislature or of the executive (when the. legislature 
cannot be convened), against domestic violence. 

ARTICLE V. 

1. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses 
shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this 
Constitution; or, on the application of the legislatures of 
two-thirds of the several States, shall call a convention for 
proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid, 
to all intents and purposes, as parts of this Constitution, 
when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the 
several States, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, 
as the one or the other mode of ratification may be pro¬ 
posed by Congress; provided that no amendment which 
may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred 
and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth 
clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that 
no State, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal 
suffrage in the Senate. 


ARTICLE VI. 

1. All debts contracted, and engagements entered into, 
before the adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid 
against the United States under this Constitution as under 
the Confederation. 

2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States 
which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties 
made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the 
United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


63 


the judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything 
in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary 
notwithstanding. 

3. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, 
and the members of the several State legislatures, and all 
executive and judicial officers, both of the United States 
and of the several States, shall be bound by oath or affirma¬ 
tion to support the Constitution; but no religious test shall 
ever be required as a qualification to any office or public 
trust under the United States. 

ARTICLE VII. 

1. The ratification of the conventions of nine States shall 
be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution be¬ 
tween the States so ratifying the same. 

Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the States 
present, the seventeenth day of September, in the year of 
our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, 
and of the Independence of the United States of America 
the twelfth. In witness whereof we have hereunto sub¬ 
scribed our names. 

GEORGE WASHINGTON, 
President, and Deputy from Virginia. 


AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE 
UNITED STATES. 

ARTICLE I. 

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment 
of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or 
abridging the freedom of speech or of the press; or the 
right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition 
the government for a redress of grievances. 

ARTICLE II. 

A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security 
of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear 
arms shall not be infringed. 



64 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


ARTICLE III. 

No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any 
house without the consent of the owner; nor in time of war, 
but in a manner to be prescribed by law. 

ARTICLE IV. 

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, 
houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonble searches 
and seizures, shall not be violated; and no warrants shall 
issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirma¬ 
tion, and particularly describing the place to be searched, 
and the persons or things to be seized. 

ARTICLE V. 

No person shall be held to answer for a capital or other¬ 
wise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indict¬ 
ment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land 
or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service 
in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be 
subject for the same offence to be put twice in jeopardy of 
life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case 
to be witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, 
liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall 
private property be taken for public use without just com¬ 
pensation. 


ARTICLE VI. 

In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the 
right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury 
of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been 
committed, which district shall have been previously ascer¬ 
tained by law; and to be informed of the nature and cause 
of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses 
against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining wit¬ 
nesses in his favor; and to have the assistance of counsel 
for his defence. 


ARTICLE VII. 

In suits at common law, where the value in controversy 
shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


65 


shall be preserved; and no fact tried by a jury shall be 
otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States, 
than according to the rules of the common law. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines 
imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. 

ARTICLE IX. 

The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights 
shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained 
by the people. 

ARTICLE X. 

The powers not delegated to the United States by the 
Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved 
to the States respectively, or to the people. 

ARTICLE XI. 

The judicial power of the United States shall not be con¬ 
strued to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced 
or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens 
of another State, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign 
state. 

ARTICLE XII. 

1. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and 
vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of 
whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State 
with themselves. They shall name in their ballots the per¬ 
son voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the 
person voted for as Vice-President; and they shall make 
distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and 
of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the num¬ 
ber of votes for each; which lists they shall sign and certify, 
and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the Uni¬ 
ted States, directed to the President of the Senate. The Presi¬ 
dent of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and 
House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the 
votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest 
number of votes for President shall be the President, if 


66 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


such number be a majority of the whole number of electors 
appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from 
the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding 
three, on the list of those voted for as President, the House 
of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the 
President. But, in choosing the President, the votes shall 
be taken by States, the representation from each State hav¬ 
ing one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of 
a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and 
a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. 
And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a 
President, whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon 
them, before the fourth day of March next following, then 
the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case 
of the death or other constitutional disability of the Presi¬ 
dent. 

2. The person having the greatest number of votes as 
Vice-President shall be the Vice-President, if such number 
be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; 
and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest 
numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice-Presi¬ 
dent. A quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds 
of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the 
whole number shall be necessary to a choice. 

3. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office 
of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of 
the United States. 


ARTICLE XIII. 

Section 1. 

Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a 
punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been 
duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any 
place subject to their jurisdiction. 

Section 2. 

Congress shall have power to enforce this Article by 
appropriate legislation. 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


67 


ARTICLE XIV. 

Section 1. 

All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and 
subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United 
States, and of the State wherein they reside. No State 
shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the 
privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; 
nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or 
property, without due process of law; nor deny to any 
person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the 
laws. 


Section 2. 

Representatives shall be apportioned among the several 
States according to their respective numbers, counting the 
whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians 
not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for 
the choice of electors for President or Vice-President of 
the United States, Representatives in Congress, the execu¬ 
tive and judicial officers of a State, or the members of the 
legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants 
of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens 
of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for 
participation in rebellion or other crime, the basis of repre¬ 
sentation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which 
the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole 
number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such 
State. 


Section 3. 

No person shall be a Senator or Representatives in Con¬ 
gress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold 
any office, civil or military, under the United States, or 
under any State, who, having previously taken an oath as 
a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, 
or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive 
or judicial officer of any State to support the Constitution 
of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection 


68 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to 
the enemies thereof. But Congress may, by a vote of two- 
thirds of each house, remove such disability. 

Section 4. 

The validity of the public debt of the United States, 
authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment 
of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insur¬ 
rection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the 
United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt 
or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion 
against the United States, or any claim for the loss or 
emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations, 
and claims shall be held illegal and void. 

Section 5. 

The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate 
legislation, the provisions of this Article. 


ARTICLE XV. 

Section 1. 

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not 
be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State 
on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. 

Section 2. 

The Congress shall have power to enforce this Article by 
appropriate legislation. 


ARTICLE XVI. 

The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes 
on incomes from whatever source derived, without appor¬ 
tionment among the several states, and without regard to 
any census or enumeration. 


OF THE UNITED STATES 


69 


AMENDMENT XVII. 

Amendment to the first paragraph of section 3, article I, 
of the constitution of the United States, and in lieu of so 
much of paragraph two of the same section as relates to 
the filling of vacancies, as follows: “The Senate of the 
United States shall be composed of two senators from each 
state, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each 
senator shall have one vote. The electors in each state 
shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the 
most numerous branch of the state legislature. When va¬ 
cancies happen in the representation of any state in the sen¬ 
ate, the executive authority of such state shall issue writs of 
election to fill such vacancy; Provided, that the legislature 
of any state may empower the executive thereof to make tem¬ 
porary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by 
election, as the legislature may direct. This amendment shall 
not be so construed to affect the election or term of any sena¬ 
tor chosen before it becomes valid as part of the constitu¬ 
tion.” 


LIST OF PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 


70 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


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OF THE UNITED STATES 


71 


LIST OF PORTS OF ENTRY. 

The law and regulations relating to immigration provide 
that all aliens who enter the United States across the border 
at any places except those designated by the Secretary of 
Commerce and Labor shall be deemed to have entered the 
country unlawfully. 

The following have been designated by him as the border 
ports of entry: 


CANADIAN BORDER PORTS. 


Eastport, Me. 

Calais, Me. 
Vanceboro, Me. 

Fort Kent, Me. 

Fort Fairfield, Me. 
Van Buren, Me. 
Houlton, Me. 
Madawaska, Me. 
Lowelltown, Me. 
Beechers Falls, N. H. 
Island Pond, Vt. 
Newport, Vt. 
Richford, Vt. 

St. Albans, Vt. 
Swanton, Vt. 

Alburg, Vt. 

Rouses Point, N. Y. 
Malone, N. Y. 

Fort Covington, N.Y. 
Nyando, N. Y. 


Ogdensburg, N. Y. 
Morristown, N. Y. 
Clayton, N. Y. 

Cape Vincent, N. Y. 
Charlotte, N. Y. 
Olcott, N. Y. 
Lewiston, N. Y. 
Niagara Falls, N. Y. 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
Cleveland, Ohio 
Toledo, Ohio 
Detroit, Mich. 

St. Clair, Mich. 

Port Huron, Mich. 
Sault Ste. Marie, 
Mich. 

Chicago, Ill. 

Duluth, Minn. 
Ranier, Minn. 


Noyes, Minn. 
Warroad, Minn. 
Beaudette, Minn. 
International Falls, 
Minn. 

Hannah, N. D. 
Pembina, N. D. 
Neche, N. D. 
Walhalla, N. D. 
Portal, N. D. 

St. John, N. D. 
Sweet Grass, Mont. 
Gateway, Mont. 
Porthill, Ida. 
Eastport, Ida. 
Marcus, Wash. 
Oroville, Wash. 
Sumas, Wash. 
Blaine, Wash. 


MEXICAN BORDER PORTS. 


Brownsville, Tex. 
Hidalgo, Tex. 
Laredo, Tex. 
Eagle Pass, Tex. 
Del Rio, Tex. 


El Paso, Tex. 
Douglas, Ariz. 
Naco, Ariz. 
Nogales, Ariz. 


Andrade, Cal. 
Calexico, Cal. 
Tia Juana, Cal. 
Campo, Cal. 


72 


WILSON’S NATURALIZATION LAWS 


STATES COMPRISING THE UNITED STATES. 


1. 

2 . 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6 . 

7. 

8 . 
9. 

10 . 

11 . 

12 . 

13. 


The Original 13 Colonies. 


Name. Ratified the Constitution. 

Delaware . Dee. 7, 1787 

Pennsylvania .Dec. 12, 1787 

New Jersey .Dec. 18, 1787 

Georgia .Jan. 2, 1788 

Connecticut .Jan. 9, 1788 

Massachusetts .Feb. 6, 1788 

Maryland .Apr. 28, 1788 

South Carolina .May 23, 1788 

New Hampshire .June 21, 1788 

Virginia .June 25, 1788 

New York. July 26, 1788 

North Carolina .Nov. 21, 1789 

Rhode Island .May 29, 1790 


Admitted Into the Union. 



Name. 

Admitted. 


Name. 

Admitted. 

14. 

Vermont . . 

.. . Mar. 

4, 1791 

31. 

California ... 

. Sept. 

9, 1850 

15. 

Kentucky . 

. ..June 

1, 1792 

32. 

Minnesota . . . 

.May 11, 1858 

16. 

Tennessee . 

...June 

1, 1796 

33. 

Oregon . 

.Feb. 

14, 1859 

17. 

Ohio . 

.. .Nov. 

29, 1802 

34. 

Kansas . 

. .Jan. 

29, 1861 

18. 

Louisiana .. 

. . . Apr. 

30, 1812 

35. 

W. Virginia .. 

.June 

19, 1863 

19. 

Indiana .. . . 

. . .Dec. 

11, 1816 

36. 

Nevada . 

. .Oct. 

31, 1864 

20. 

Mississippi 

. . .Dec. 

10, 1817 

37. 

Nebraska .... 

.Mar. 

1, 1867 

21. 

Illinois . . . . 


3, 1818 

38. 

Colorado . . . . 

.Aug. 

1, 1876 

22. 

Alabama .. . 


14, 1819 

39. 

N. Dakota ... 

. Nov. 

3, 1889 

23. 

Maine. 


15, 1820 

40. 

S. Dakota . . . 

. Nov. 

3, 1889 

24. 

Missouri ... 

. .. Aug. 

10, 1821 

41. 

Montana . . . . 


8, 18S9 

25. 

Arkansas .. 

...June 

15, 1836 

42. 

Washington . 

.Nov. 

11, 1889 

26. 

Michigan . . 

.. .Jan. 

26, 1837 

43. 

Idaho . 

• July 

3, 1890 

27. 

Florida .... 

.. . Mar. 

3, 1845 

44. 

Wyoming . . . . 

.July 

8, 1890 

28. 

Texas . 


29, 1845 

45. 

Utah. 


4, 1896 

29. 

Iowa . 


28, 1846 

46. 

Oklahoma . . . 

. Nov. 

16, 1907 

30. 

Wisconsin . 

. . .May 29, 1848 
48. Arizona . ... 

47. New Mexico. 
...Feb. 14, 1912 

.Jan. 

6, 1912 


In addition to the above States, Alaska, Hawaii, Porto 
Rico are Territories and the United States holds the Phil 
ippines as a colonial possession. 






































LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




















































































